psychotherapy
a form of helping that focused on serious problems of an intra-psychic nature with treatment delivered by a trained professional
professional counselor
a professional relationship that empowers diverse individuals, families, and groups to accomplish mental health, wellness, education, and career goals
Extratherapeutic factors
the client's factors (ex. willingness to change)
therapeutic relationship factors
the characteristics of the counselor such as warmth, empathy, and acceptance
hope and expectancy
the client's perception that her or his presenting issues will be alleviated or that therapy will have an even better outcome
therapeutic models and techniques
theoretical approaches and strategies that counselors employ in treatment and intervention
intake assessment
the relevant factors that contribute to the client's present issues
treatment planning
a collaborative effort between the client and the counselor to generate therapeutic goals and ways to achieve them
therapeutic interventions
theoretical approaches and treatment goals that professional counselors use to help clients accomplish set goals
evaluating
the therapeutic process and outcomes to determine whether those interventions served the treatment goals
formative evaluation
an evaluative method that occurs throughout counseling in order to periodically assess the client's progress toward therapeutic goals (Process)
summative evaluation
an evaluative method that occurs toward the end of the counseling process to determine whether the therapeutic goals have been accomplished (Outcome)
termination
the client can generalize what she or he learned in counseling to other life contexts such as family, community, and work; when a counselor and client mutually agree that the client has achieved the treatment goals and ir provides a sense of closure for b
therapeutic alliance
a collaborative process whereby both client and therapist agree on shared therapeutic goals; collaborate on tasks designed to bring about successful outcomes; and establish a relationship based on trust, acceptance, and competence
micro skills
the foundational skills of effective helping relationships;
attending
communicate to the client that you are attending to her story through nonverbal and verbal acknowledgment
listening
pay attention to the client's story to accurately capture his thoughts and emotions
silence
pause after the client's statement to help her elaborate more on the story and/or to provide a brief moment for the client to reflect on her story
restatement
rephrase the client's primary statement or response to let him know that you are listening and paying attention
reflection of feelings
reflect the expression, emotions and/or feelings associated with the particular event or story that the client tells you
summarizing
capture the content or identify themes or patterns associated with the client's story in order to keep the therapeutic conversation focused and to promote clarification
probing
ask open-ended questions to facilitate the client's understanding and exploration of the story
psychoanalysis
a method for treating mental illness via dialogues between the client and psychoanalyst
humanistic approach
focuses on the relationship between the client and counselor
behavioral approach
counseling focuses on changing a person's thoughts and beliefs in order to facilitate behavioral changes
culture
ethnographic variables (race, ethnicity, religion, history, common ancestry) demographic variables (age, gender, gender identity, sexual orientation, geographic location), status variables (social, economic, educational), and affiliation variables (formal
multicultural approach
addresses the importance of providing treatment and interventions that pertain to the unique needs of diverse populations and are relevant to the client's cultural reference.
counseling
a professional relationship that empowers diverse individuals, families, and groups to accomplish mental health, wellness, education, and career goals