Miranda v. Arizona (1966)
all defendants must be informed of legal rights before they are arrested.
NAACP v. Alabama (1954)
Incorporated the right to associate peaceably by deciding that a group did not have to reveal its membership list and thus subject its members to harassment.
Near v. Minnesota (1931)
prevents prior restraint thus selectively incorporates freedom of the press.
New York Times v. Sullivan (1964)
Established the "actual malice" standard. In cases of libel or slander, public figures must prove that the author had "knowledge of falsity and reckless disregard for the truth.
Red Lion Broadcasting Co. v. Federal Communications Commission (1969)
upheld restrictions on radio and television. These are much tighter than those on the print media due to the limited of frequencies available.
Griswold v. Connecticut (1965)
Identified an implied right to privacy in the U.S. Constitution stating that various portions of the Bill of Rights cast "penumbras" (or shadows) of unstated liberties.
Roe v. Wade (1973)
decision holding that a state ban on all abortions was unconstitutional. The decision forbade state control over abortions during the first trimester of pregnancy, permitted states to limit abortions to protect the mother's health in the second trimester,
Planned Parenthood v. Casey (1992)
states can regulate abortion but not with regulations that impose an "undue burden" on women.
Roth v. United States (1957)
ruling that "obscenity is not within the area of constitutionally protected speech or press.
Schenck v. United States (1919)
declared that government can limit speech if the speech provokes a "clear and present danger" of substantive evils.