distinguish between refection and refraction. do they occur in both sound waves and light waves
in reflection, waves return to their original medium and in refraction wave enters a second medium and change speed
when a wave crosses a surface at an angle from one medium into another, why does it pivot as it moves across the boundary into the new medium
because the wave's speed will change at different times along the wave front as it enters the new medium
why do waves refract
give an example where refraction is abrupt ad another where refraction is gradual
because they are entering a different medium that changes the wave's speed
abrupt occurs when light enters water due to a sharp medium boundary
gradual is seen as light enters the atmosphere and scatters
if you can see the face of a friend who is under still water, can she also see you. why or why not
yes, the path of the light rays is reversible
is a mirage a result of refraction of reflection
light is refracting as it enters the hot air above a road
as light passes through a transparent medium, do the high or low frequencies of light interact more in the process of absorption and reemission
does this interaction time tend to speed up or slow down the average speed of short wavelength light in glass
high frequencies interact more which further slows the speed of short wavelength light
why does blue light refract at greater angles than red light in transparent materials
blue light interacts with the material to a greater degree, which slows the light more and causes greater refraction
what conditions are necessary for viewing a rainbow in the sky
how is a raindrop similar to a prism
an observer must be between a low angle light source (the sun) and water droplets
both a raindrop and a prism refract, reflect, and disperse light due to differential
does refraction tend to make objects submerged in water seem shallower or deeper than they really are
shallower
what is the critical angle in terms of refraction and total internal reflections
the angle at which light no longer refracts and instead reflects off a surface remain totally internal
why are optical fibers often called light pipes
because they are a pipe through which light can travel by reflection
if you were spearing a fish with a spear, would you aim above, below, or directly at the observed fish to make a direct hit
would your answer be the same if you used a laser light to spear the fish
with a spear you aim below because refraction makes the fish appear closer
with a laser you aim at the fish's image because the laser will refract in the same manner as the light reaching your eyes
a rainbow viewed from an airplane may form a complete circle. where will the shadow of the airplane appear in relation to the rainbow
the shadow will appear in the center of the rainbow because you must be between the sun and rainbow to be able to see it all
what is light scattering
does the atmosphere scatter high or low frequencies of light more
the redirection of light in multiple directions due to refraction
high frewuencies
why is the sky blue
air molecules scatter high-frequency light more than low frequency light and our eyes lack violet receptors
why are sunsets red
is daytime a bit longer or a bit shorter because of atmospheric refraction
low frequency light is scattered less, so it can reach the surface more easily when the sun is at low angles
a bit longer
why is water greenish-blue
red light is absorbed by water, leaving behind low and mid frequency light which combine to make cyan
the average speed of light slows to 0.75c when it enters a particular piece of plastic
what change occurs in the frequency of light in the plastic
what change occurs in the wavelength
the frequency of the light does not change
the wavelength of the light is reduced to 0.75 the original
supposed you are standing downwind from a barking dog on a windy day. the wind blows faster well above the ground than close to the ground. refraction will change the sound of the dog's bark. will the sound of the bark be somewhat louder or somewhat dimin
it will be louder because the waves heading upward will be bent downward and combine with the waves down there
very short pulses of red light and blue light enter a glass block normal to its surface at the same time. which pulse exits first
through which color of tinted glass does light travel the fastest
red light interacts less and therefore will exit first
red glass allows red light to pass which interacts less and therefore travels the fastest