Genome
Sum total of genetic material of an organism
Plasmids and circular chromosomes
Bacterial genes consist of
Chromosome in nucleus, mitochondria, and chloroplasts
Eukaryotic genes consist of
Genotype
Sum of all genes
Phenotype
Outward, visible expression of gene
Semiconservative
DNA replication is_____ meaning is consist of 1 parental strand and 1 daughter strand
Transcription
From DNA to RNA (mRNA)
Translation
From mRNA to proteins which occurs in ribosomes
Inducible Operon
-Operon turned on by substrate of enzyme for which structural genes code
-Enzyme needed to metabolize nutrient are only produced when nutrient present
Repressible Operon
-Normal state is "on"
-Often contain genes for anabolic enzymes
-Several genes are turned off by product synthesized by enzyme
DNA released from a killed cell can be acquired by a live cell
Griffith's experiment proved what?
Conjugation
Requires attachment of two related species and the formation of a cellular bridge that can transport DNA
Transformation
Entails transfer of naked DNA and requires no special vehicle
Transduction
DNA transfer mediated through the action of a bacterial virus