Genetics Challenge Vocabulary

DNA

The abbreviation for deoxyribonucleic acid.

Allele

A member of a gene pair that determines a specific trait.

Mendel

The Father of Genetics.

Hybrid

This has genes that are different for a trait, such as Tt.

Genotype

The actual gene makeup of an organism.

Traits

Physical characteristics of an organism that are passed down from one generation to
the next.

Incomplete Dominance

A condition in which neither of the two
genes in a gene pair masks the other.

Chromosomes

Rod-shaped structures found in the nucleus of every cell in an organism.

Dominant

Trait is expressed when two different genes for the same trait are present.

Phentype

The physical appearance of a trait.

Pea Plants

Mendel experimented with:

Homozygous

A gene pair consists of two dominant alleles or two recessive alleles

Law of Segregation

This Law states one gene from each gene pair separates to each sex cell

Genes

The traits of an organism are controlled by its:

Punnett Square

Achart used to show the possible gene combinations in
across between two organisms.

Heterozygous

A gene pair that consists of a dominant allele and a recessive allele

First Filial

This generation is the offspring of the P, or parental, generation.

Geneticist

A scientist who studies heredity.

Recessive

This trait seems to disappear when two different genes for the same trait are
present.

Parent

Organisms inherit genes in pairs, one from each:

Genetics

The study of heredity.

Law of Independent Assortment

This Law states that each gene pair is inherited
independently of the gene pairs for other traits.