1.air-core transformer
Arrangement of two coils of wire in proximity to facilitate induction.
2. ammeter
A device used to measure current connected in a series; measured in amperes.
3. artificial permanent magnet
Manufactured from steel alloy called alnico, composed of aluminum,
nickel, and cobalt.
4. Autotransformer
a transformer that automatically sets by adjustments.
5. Brush
A device, attached to slip rings, that allows the circuit to remain
stationary while armature rotates without breaking the electrical
contact between them.
6. Capacitor
a device capable of accumulating and storing an electrical charge.
7. Closed-core transformer
Arrangement of two coils of wire each filled with an iron core in
proximity to facilitate induction that converges the inside and
outside lines of force through the core.
8. coercivity
The energy that causes reorientation of the magnetic dipoles.
9. commutator ring
a single ring that is divided in half, with each half connected to
one end of the armature wire.
10. diamagnetic
Materials weakly repelled by all magnetic fields.
11. dielectric
The insulator between two plates in a capacitor.
12. diode
a rectifying semiconductor made by sandwiching p-type crystal with an
n-type to form a p-n junction.
13. dynamometer
Used to measure alternating current when electromagnets are used.
14. eddy current loss
Results of currents opposing the cause that produced them.
15. electromagnet
Temporary magnet produced by moving electric current.
16. electromagnetic relay
A device used to protect the radiographer from electric shock by
isolating control buttons on the x-ray console from the actual circuit
in which high voltage is flowing; similar to a circuit breaker.
17. farad (f)
The unit of capacitance.
18. ferromagnetic
Materials that are highly permeable and susceptible to induction
19. Fleming's hand rules
A series of easily remembered aids to help with the relationship
between electricity and magnetism.
20. flux density
Determined by field strength and the arc in which the lines of flux
are located.
21. full-wave rectification
The conversion of the opposing half of the incoming electron flow to
always move in the same direction, instead of discarding half the cycle.
22. galvanometer
Used to measure direct current when permanent magnets are used.
23. gauss (g)
The unit used for measuring magnetic flux density.
24. generator
A device that converts mechanical energy to electrical energy using
moving lines of flux in relationship to a conductor to induce current;
also known as dynamo.
25. half-wave rectification
Suppressed rectification resulting from only half of the incoming
alternating current being converted to pulsating direct current;
called self-rectification.
26. hysteresis loss
Results from energy expended as the continually changing AC current
magnetizes, demagnetizes, and remagnetizes the core material; also
called lagging loss.
27. I squared loss
Results from inherent resistance to current flow that is found in all
conductors; power loss formula resistance is proportional to the
square of current; sometimes called copper loss.
28. Inductive reactance
The ability of an alternating current to switch directions, causing
the opposing potential difference to induce against the incoming
supply of electrons; measured in ohms of resistance.
29. lines of flux
The force fields that are created when magnetic dipoles orient to
create a magnet; also called lines of force and magnetic field.
30. lines of force
The force fields that are created when magnetic dipoles orient to
create a magnet; also called lines of flux and magnet field.
31.magnet
An object that exhibits a uniformly strong magnetic field.
32. magnetic dipole
Groups of atoms with their net magnetic field moving in the same
direction; also know as magnetic domain.
33. magnetic domain
Groups of atoms with their net magnetic field moving in the same
direction; also know as magnetic dipoles.
34. magnetic field
The force fields that are created when magnetic dipoles orient to
create a magnet; aka lines of flux and lines of force.
35. motor
A device that is supplied with electrical current to produce
mechanical motion
36. mutual induction
The result of two coils being placed in close proximity with a
varying current supplied to the first coil, which then induces a
similar flow in the second coil.
37. natural magnet
Created when iron oxide remains in the earth's magnetic field for
ages, slowly orientating the magnetic dipoles in the same direction.
38. nonmagnetic
Materials not affected by magnetic fields and that cannot be magnetized.
39. open-core transformer
Arrangements of two coils of wire each filled with an iron core in
proximity to facilitate induction.
40. orbital magnetic moment
The motion of a charged particle creates a magnetic force field
perpendicular to the motion.
41. paramagnetic
Materials that have a low permeability and weak attraction to
magnetic fields.
42. permeability
The ease with which a material can be magnetized.
43. primary coil
The coil first supplied with the current.
44. rectification
The process by which alternating current is changed to pulsating
direct current.
45. retentivity
The ability of a material to stay magnetized.
46. rotor
A hollow copper cylinder or duff that is attached to the anode disk
by molybdenum.
47. secondary coil
The coil in which a current is inducted by the primary coil
48. self-induction
The ability of an alternating current to switch directions, causing
an opposing potential difference to induce against the incoming supply
of electrons; allows direct current to flow while at the same time
hindering alternating current.
49. self-rectification
Suppressed rectification resulting from only half of the incoming
alternating current being converted to pulsating direct current;
called half-wave rectification.
50. shell-type transformer
Arrangements of two coils of wire each filled with an iron core in
proximity to facilitate induction.
51. silicon-controlled rectifier (SCR)
A complex semiconductor useful for high-speed switching of the
primary high-voltage x-ray circuit; aka thyristor.
52. sine wave
a type of curve produced by an AC generator.
53. slip ring
A device with attached brushes that allows the circuit to remain
stationary while the armature rotates without breaking the electric
contact between them.
54. solenoid
A coil consisting of a series of loops, which serve to increase the
flux density.
55. space charge cloud
The ejection of electrons from the surface of the wire due to
increased heat, causing an electron cloud; called thermionic emission.
56. spin magnetic moment
The magnetic effect created by electrons spinning on their axes
57. stator
Induction-motor electromagnets that turn the anode.
58. step-down transformer
A device used to decrease the voltage from the primary to the
secondary coil.
59. step-up transformer
A device used to increase the voltage from the primary to the
secondary coil.
60. tesla (T)
The unit used for measuring magnetic flux density.
61. thermionic emission
The ejection of electrons from the surface of the wire due to
increased heat, causing an electron cloud; also called the space
charge cloud.
62. thyristor
A complex semiconductor useful for high-speed switching of the
primary high voltage x-ray circuit; aka silicon-controlled rectifier.
63. transformer
a device in which two coils are placed near one another without
electrical connection. The number of turns in the coils differs,
causing a change in the current in the secondary coil; this serves to
either increase or decreases the voltage.
64. transformer law
When the voltage is increased from the primary to secondary it is
called a step-up transformer. When the voltage is decreased from
primary to secondary it is called a step-down transformer.
65. voltmeter
A device used to measure current connected in parallel; measures
potential difference in volts.
66. weber
SI unit used to measure magnetic flux.