1. Z number
The number of nuclear protons in an atom unique to each element. aka
atomic number
2. Shell
The energy level occupied by an electron determined by the distance
from the nucleus.
3. String theory
The idea that matter behaves differently depending on the vibration
of the string -like matter.
4. Substance
A material that has a definite and constant composition.
5, Tempature
A measurement of thermal energy
6. Thermal energy
The result of motion of atoms and molecules aka heat.
7. Wavelength
The distance between two successive points on a wave.
8. Valence
The chemical combining characteristics of an element; determined by
the number of electrons in outer most shell.
9. Weight
The force that an object exerts under influence of gravity.
10. Photon
A small bundle of energy. The specific amount of energy. The specific
amount of energy depends on frequency; also known as quantum.
11. Octet rule
The number of electron in the outermost shell never exceeds eight electrons.
12. Period
The time required to complete one cycle of the wave
13. Potential energy
The energy an object has because of its position.
14. Proton (p+)
Positively charged subatomic particle of an atom.
15. Quantum
A small bundle of energy. The specific amount of energy depends on
frequency; also known as a photon.
16. Radiation
Energy emitted and transferred through matter.
17. Quark
Subnuclear structure that makes up protons and neutrons.
18. K shell
The orbital shell closest to the nucleus
19. Mass
The quantity of matter contained in an object.
20. M theory
Electrons and quarks may not be particles, but instead may be
extremely small loops of rapidly vibrating string like matter.
21. Lambada
The greek letter that represents the measurement of a wavelength.
22. Kinetic energy
The energy in motion
23. Isotope
Atoms that have the same number of photons in the nucleus but differ
in the number neutrons.
24. Ionization
The process of adding or removing an electron from an atom.
25. Ion
An atom that has gained or lost an electron.
26 .Electron (e-)
Negatively charged subatomic particles of an atoms.
27. Electrons volt (eV)
Measurement of the binding energy of an electron; the energy one
electron will have is accelerated by an electrical potential of 1 volt.
28. Electron binding energy Eb
The amount of energy needed to remove the electron from the atom.
29. Element
A simple substance, can not be broken down into any simpler
substances by ordinary means.
30. Excitation
Process in which electrons in an atom are moved to a higher energy
state without actually being removed from the atom.
31. Electromagnetic spectrum
Describes the different forms of electromagnetic radiation.
32. Heat
The result of the motion of atoms and molecules; also known as
thermal energy.
33. Electromagnetic radiation (EM)
A form of energy that is the result of electrical ans magnetic
disturbances in space.
34. Electrical energy
Result of movements of electrons; aka electricity.
35. Frequency
The number of waves that passes a particular point
36. Compound
A complex substance; two or more elements that are chemically united
ina definite proportion.
37. Chemically energy
The form of energy released during a chemical reaction.
38. Atomic number
The number of protons in an atom unique to each element; also known
as the z number.
39. Atomic mass unit
The mass of the particles of an atom
40. Atom
Smallest particle of an element that still possesses the
characteristics of the element.
41. Nucleus
The small dense center of an atom; consists of protons and neutrons.
42. Mechanical energy
The result of the action of machines or physical movement; can be
potential or kinetic.
43. Amplitude
The intensity of the wave defined by its maximal height.
44. Molecule
Two or more atoms chemically united; the smallest particle of a
compound that still possesses the characteristics of the compound.
45. Neutron (n0 )
Subatomic particles of an atom containing no charge.
46. nu
Greek letter used to describe the number of cycles per second.
47. Nuclear energy
The energy stored in the bond of the nucleus of an atom.
48. Nucleon
Protons and neutrons that make up the nucleus.
49. MIxtutre
The combination of two or more substances.