stimulus
A change in an organism�s surroundings that causes the
organism to react
neuron
A cell that carries information through the nervous system.
nerve impulse
The message carried by a neuron.
dendrite
The condition in which a person can see nearby objects clearly.
axon
A threadlike extension of a neuron that carries nerve
impulses away from the cell body.
nerve
A bundle of nerve fibers.
sensory neuron
A neuron that picks up stimuli from the internal or
external environment and converts each stimulus into a nerve impulse.
nerneuroni
A neuron that carries nerve impulses from one neuron to another.
motor neuron
A neuron that sends an impulse to a muscle or gland,
causing the muscle or gland to react.
synapse
The junction where one neuron can transfer an
impulse to the next structure
cornea
The clear tissue that covers the front of the eye.
pupil
The opening through which light enters the eye.
iris
the circular structure that surrounds the pupil and regulates the
amount of light entering the eye.
lens
The flexible structure that focuses light that has
entered the eye.
retina
The layer of receptor cells at the back of the eye on
which an image is focused
nearsightedness
The condition in which a person can see nearby objects clearly.
farsightedness
The condition in which a person can see distant objects clearly.
eardrum
The membrane that separates the outer ear from the
middle ear, and that vibrates when sound waves strike it.
cochlea
A snail-shaped tube in the inner ear that is lined with
receptor cells that respond to sound.
semicircular canal
Structures in the inner ear that are responsible for
the sense of balance.
Genetics
the study of heredity and the variation of genes and characteristics
given to the offspring.
Hereditary
more than one characteristic passing trough to a chromosome
Allele
More than one gene that mutates but is on the same chromosome
Hybrid
THe offspring of animals or plants that have mutated into two
different things
Dominant
powerful
Recessive
genetics both both parents that are not dominate in
Genotype
genetics of 1 organism
Phenotype
A Set of characteristics from 1 individual causing its interaction
with its own environment
Pedigree
more than 1 characteristic causing its genotype to interact with its environment
Homozygous
Different forms of genes that are dominant and recessive
Genetics
Heredity mechanisms which traits are passed down to offspring
Allele
Form of a genetic, governs characteristics
Hybrid
Offspring of two different varieties or species
Recessive
A gene that does not express unless individual inherits two such genes
Genotype
Genetic identity individual does not show (characteristics)
Pedigree
Diagram family's genealogy in family relationships to each other
Homozygous
Two identical forms of a gene
Incomplete dominance
Inheritance hybrids have appearance interpreted by parental varieties
Genetic engineering
Technology the genome is modified for medical use
Biotechnology
Industrial use living organisms components improve human health
Genetics
Study of genes
Allele
An alternative form of an gene
Recessive
Traits not passed down from both parents
Homozygous
Two identical traits
Heterozygous
Two opposite traits
Sex linked genes
Sex chrozens traits
Speciation
New form of species created
Polygenic dominance
Data collected from genes
Punctuated equilibrium
A theory of evolution
Heredity
Traits from genes passed down from parents
Heart
a hollow muscular organ that pumps the blood through the circulatory
system by rhythmic contraction and dilation. In vertebrates there may
be up to four chambers (as in humans), with two atria and two ventricles.
Blood vessels
a tubular structure carrying blood through the tissues and organs; a
vein, artery, or capillary
Arteries
any of the muscular-walled tubes forming part of the circulation
system by which blood (mainly that which has been oxygenated) is
conveyed from the heart to all parts of the body.
Veins
any of the tubes forming part of the blood circulation system of the
body, carrying in most cases oxygen-depleted blood toward the heart.
Circulatory system
the system that circulates blood and lymph through the body,
consisting of the heart, blood vessels, blood, lymph, and the
lymphatic vessels and glands.
Blood
the red liquid that circulates in the arteries and veins of humans
and other vertebrate animals, carrying oxygen to and carbon dioxide
from the tissues of the body.
Plasma
the colorless fluid part of blood, lymph, or milk, in which
corpuscles or fat globules are suspended.
Red blood cells
a red blood cell that (in humans) is typically a biconcave disc
without a nucleus. Erythrocytes contain the pigment hemoglobin, which
imparts the red color to blood, and transport oxygen and carbon
dioxide to and from the tissues.
White blood cells
a colorless cell that circulates in the blood and body fluids
and is involved in counteracting foreign substances and disease; a
white (blood) cell. There are several types, all amoeboid cells with
a nucleus, including lymphocytes, granulocytes, monocytes, and
macrophages.
Platelets
a small colorless disk-shaped cell fragment without a nucleus, found
in large numbers in blood and involved in clotting.