Motion
An objet is in motion when it's distance from another object is chnaging
Reference point
A place or object used for comparisonto determine if something is in motion
Speed Equation
S=D/T
Time Equation
T= D/S
Distance Eqiuation
D=TxS
Velocity
Speed in a given direction
Average speed equation
Total distance/ Total time
Acceleration equation
AC= F.S.- I.S./ Time
Three ways an object can accelerate
Increasing speed, Decreasing speed, and changing direction
Force equation
Mass x Acceleration
Net Force
The combination of all forces acting on an object
Difference between Balanced and unbalanced forces
Balanced forces acting on an object don't change the object's motion, while unbalanced forces do
Friction
The force that two forces exert on each other when they rubagainst each other
4 types of friction
Rolling, Sliding, Fluid, Static
Force
A push or pull
Acceleration
The rate at which velocity changes
Speed
The distance the object travels per unit of time
Gravity
A force that pulls objects towards each other
Newton's gravity theory
That gravity acts everywhere in the universe
Difference between mass and weight
Your weight varies on the strength of the gravitational force, while your mass doesn't
Projectile motion
If you throw two balls in different directions from the same starting point, they will hit the ground at the same time
Newtons first law of motion
An object in motion will stay in motion, and an object at rest will stay at rest unless acted upon by an unbalanced force
Inertia
When a car moves forward and suddenly stops, you push back against the seat
Newtons second law of motion
Acceleration depends on the object's mass and on the net force
Acc= Net force/ mass
Newtons third law of motion
For every action, there is an equal but opposite
When a dog leaps it pushes down on the ground, it goes up by pushing down
How do satiellites stay in orbit?
Centripetal force, the force that causes an object to move in a circular path
Centi
100 less
Milli
1000 less
Kilo
1000 more
Pressure
The force exerted on a surface divdided by the total area over which force is exerted
Pressure formula
P= Force/area
Density
A substance is its mass per unit volume
Density formula
D= Mass/volume
Fluid
A material that can easily flow
How does elevation/depth effect fluid pressure?
The deeper you go, the more pressure
The Atomic theory of matter
Everything that has matter has atoms
What causes air pressure?
All the gases from the Earth's atmosphere press down on the Earth
Buoyant Force
The water and other fluids exerting an upward force
Hydraulic Device
Uses liquids to transmit pressure in a confined fluid
Archimedes Principle
The buoyant force acting on a submerged object is equal to the weight of the fluid the object displaces
- Explains why a ship floats because the larger the object, the more fluid displaced
Bernoullis Principle
The faster a fluid moves, the less pressure the fluid exerts
Pascals Principle
When force is applied to a confined fluid, the change in pressure is transmitted equally to all parts of the fluid
- The hydraulic device