pulmonic
sounds are pulmonic when are produced when air is exhaled from the LUNGS.
velum - soft palate
controls the airstream to the nasal or oral cavity
velar
consonant articulated with the back part of the tongue against the soft palate (k, g, ?)
alveolar
speech sound made with tongue touching alveolar ridge (t, d, s, z, ?, ?, n, l)
uvula
small piece of flesh that hangs from the inside the mouth just above the throat; no function in articulation English sounds
uvular
produced by placing the back of the tongue against or near the uvula (french r)
trachea
the tube in the throat that carries air to the lungs
close vowels = high vowels
are produced when the tongue is positioned or close as possible to the roof of the mouth
glottis open
normal breathing & voiceless sounds
glottis not open, not closed
whisper & h
vocal folds vibriting
voiced sounds
glottis closed
no sound or glottal stop
bilabial sound
a speech sound made by using both lips, such as /b/ /p/ /m/ /w/
velar sounds
a speech sound made by placing the back of the tongue against or near the back part of the mouth, for example /k/ /?/ /?/
lungs (adj.)
pullmonic
mouth (adj.)
oral
larynx (adj.)
laryngeal
hard palate (adj.)
palatal
velum (adj.)
velar
nose (adj.)
nasal
glottis (adj.)
glottal
teeth (adj.)
dental
alveolar ridge (adj.)
alveolar
pharynx (adj.)
pharyngeal
uvula (adj.)
uvular
lips (adj.)
labial
direction of the airflow during articulation
soft palate
shape of the oral cavity
tongue, lips
the voicing state of the airstream
vocal folds
formation of vowel quality
tongue, lips, soft palate
the nasalization of speech sounds
soft palate
egressive sounds
sounds produced with outgoing stream of air
fortis sounds
require more muscular energy in their production
velaric sounds
produced when the stream of air is initiated in mouth cavity
pitch of sound depends on
the number of vibrations of the vocal cord
soft palate raised -
air can escape only through the mouth
the degree to which the jaws are open determines
the shape of the lips
lenis =
weak
the position of lips is important for the quality of
vowels
glottis
the opening between vocal cords
epiglottis
makes sure that food goes where it should
windpipe =
trachea
oesophagus =
food passage
tip of the tongue
part of the tongue behind the lower teeth
Adam's apple
front part of larynx
vocal cords
produce voice - responsible for phonation
tongue
articulation, modyfying the quality of the airstream
lungs
source of the airstream
the oral cavity
responsible for articulation; airstream is modified there
epiglottis
no function for speech production