GABA; excitation; calming; anxiety; sleep; anxiety; sleep; ataxia; falls; depression
Antianxiety Medications ? Benzodiazepines
[end with -LAM or -PAM]
Therapeutic Effects:
- promotes activity of ________ by binding to a specific receptor on the complex
- this ? cellular ____________ producing a _________ effect
Medications:
- reduce _____
sedative; GABA; short; ataxia; bitter; walking; driving
Antianxiety Medications ? Z-Hypnotics
Therapeutic Effects:
- ___________ effects
- selective for ________? receptors containing alpha-1 subunits
Medications:
- _______-acting = Zolpidem; Zaleplon; Eszopiclone
Side Effects:
- amnesia
- ________ (impaired c
sleepiness; circadian; dizziness; prolactin; sexual
Antianxiety Medications ? Melatonin Receptor Agonist
Therapeutic Effects:
- high selectivity & potency at MT? receptor that regulates _____________ & at the MT? receptor that regulates ___________ rhythms
Medication:
- Ramelteon
Side Effects:
- headache
-
sedative; dry; retention; blurred; cardiac
Antianxiety Medications ? Tricyclic Antidepressant
Therapeutic Effects:
- __________ effects by blocking a strong histamine-1 receptor
Medication:
- Doxepin
Side Effects:
- ______ mouth
- constipation
- urinary ____________
- _________ vision
- hypotensio
wakefulness; paralysis; sleep; waking; muscle; behavioral; suicidal
Antianxiety Medications ? Orexin Receptor Antagonist
Therapeutic Effects:
- selectively blocks the binding of orexin to suppress ________________
Medication:
- Suvorexant
Side Effects:
- sleep ___________
- hypnagogic (before _______) & hypnopompic (befor
sedative; insomnia; lightheadedness; excitement
Antianxiety Medications ? Buspirone
Therapeutic Effects:
- reduces anxiety without having strong __________-hypnotic properties
Side Effects:
- dizziness
- ___________
- nervousness
- nausea
- ______________________
- headache
- _____________
serotonin; anxiety; insomnia; sexual; hypo
Antidepressant Medications ? Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)
Therapeutic Effects:
- ? availability of ____________
- first-line treatment in depression & for _________ disorders
Medications:
- Citalopram; Escitalopram; Fluoxetine; Paroxeti
sleep; gain; dizziness; sexual
Antidepressant Medications ? Norepinephrine & Serotonin Specific (NaSSA)
Therapeutic Effects:
- provides both antianxiety & antidepressant effects
- improved _______
Medication:
- Mirtazapine
Side Effects:
- weight _______/ appetite stimulation
- sedation
smoking; insomnia; sexual
Antidepressant Medications ? Norepinephrine Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitor (NDRI)
Therapeutic Effects:
- antidepressant also used for _________ cessation
Medication:
- Bupropion
Side Effects:
- agitation
- ___________
- headache
- n/v
- _________ dysfunction
insomnia; schizophrenia; dizziness; priapism; akathisia; gain
Antidepressant Medications ? Serotonin Antagonist & Reuptake Inhibitor (SARI)
Therapeutic Effects & Medications:
- Trazodone = treats ___________ & major depressive disorder
- Brexpiprazole = depression that accompanies _________________
Side Effects of T
reuptake; constipation; hypo
Antidepressant Medications ?Serotonin Modulator & Stimulator
Therapeutic Effects:
- inhibit ___________ of serotonin & modulate their receptors
Medication:
- Vortioxetine
Side Effects:
- _______________
- n/v
- _______natremia
- induction of hypomania/man
neuropathic; availability; dry; sweating; headache; sleepiness; appetite; blurred; ?; urinating; hyper; sexual
Antidepressant Medications ? Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor (SNRI)
Therapeutic Effects:
- reduce ______________ pain
- ? _____________ of serotonin & norepinephrine
General Side Effects:
- nausea; ______ mouth; ___________; constipation; inso
release; stimulates; dry; insomnia
Antidepressant Medications ? Serotonin Partial Agonist & Reuptake Inhibitor (SPARI)
Therapeutic Effects:
- enhances the _________ of serotonin by inhibiting the serotonin transporter & ___________ serotonin receptors through partial agonism
Medication:
-
mood; dyr; retention; blurred
Antidepressant Medications ? Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs)
[end with -INE]
Therapeutic Effects:
- elevates _______
- ? amount of time norepinephrine & serotonin are available
Medications:
- Nortriptyline; Amitriptyline; Imipramine
Side Effects:
- _____
mood; insomnia; confusion; hyper
Antidepressant Medications ? Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs)
Therapeutic Effects:
- ? _______ elevating neurotransmitters
- contraindicated with SSRIs
Medications:
- Isocarboxazid; Phenelzine; Selegiline; Tranylcypromine
Side Effects:
- ___________
-
ideas; bipolar; tremor; ataxia; polyuria; polydipsia; hypo
Mood Stabilizer Medication
Therapeutic Effects:
- reduces elation, flight of ________, irritability, manipulation, & anxiety associated with _________ disorder
Medication:
- Lithium
Side Effects:
- fine hand _________; ________ (impaired coordination); co
firing; mood; tremor; gain; hepatic; dry; retention; ataxia; ataxia; sleepiness
Anticonvulsant Medication ? Treat Bipolar Disorder
Therapeutic Effects:
- reduce the _______ rate of very high-frequency neurons in the brain, which contributes to reducing _______ swings
Side Effects of Valproate:
- ________; weight _______; sedation
- s
(+); (-); dystonia; hypo; dry; retention; blurred; gain
Antipsychotic Medication ? Second Generation
Therapeutic Effects:
- treats (___) symptoms of schizophrenia = hallucinations, delusions, & disorganized thoughts
- treats (___) symptoms of schizophrenia = lack of emotion, avolition (lack of motivation), alo
attention; restlessness; insomnia; appetite; abdominal
ADHD Medication ? Psychostimulant
Therapeutic Effects:
- ? ___________ & task-directed behavior while reducing impulsivity, _________________, & distractibility
Medications:
- Methylphenidate & Dextroamphetamine
Side Effects:
- ___________
- __________ su
reuptake; loss; sleepiness; dry; ear; ?; stomach
ADHD Medication ? Non-Stimulants
Therapeutic Effects:
- Atomoxetine = norepinephrine ___________ inhibitor
- Clonidine & Guanfacine = centrally acting alpha? adrenergic agonists
Side Effects of Atomoxetine:
- ? appetite & weight _______; fatigue; dizzines
acetylcholine; GI; muscle; appetite; appetite; brady
Alzheimer's Medication ? Cholinesterase Inhibitors
Therapeutic Effects:
- prevent cholinesterase from breaking down _________________ in the brain
Side Effects of Tacrine:
- _____ effects; elevated liver transaminase levels; liver toxicity
Side Effects of
amount; antidepressants
Herbal Medications ? St. John's Wort
Therapeutic Effects:
- ? _________ of serotonin, norepinephrine, & dopamine in the brain resulting in antidepressant effects
Side Effects:
- has potential when taken with other meds, particularly with other ___________