explicit memory
memory of facts and experiences that one can consciously know and "declare" EX- grocery store remembering item, events in movie
implicit memory
Memories we don't deliberately remember or reflect on consciously EX driving a car , swinging a golf club. LESS LIKELY TO BE AFFECTED BY AGING
episodic memory
memory for one's personal past experiences. EX. COLOR of walls as cHILD. first date
semantic memory
memory for knowledge about the world. OA have harder time refinancing but can eventually remember
Preconventional reasoning
The lowest level in Kohlberg's theory of moral development. The individual's moral reasoning is controlled primarily by external rewards and punishment.
conventional reasoning
The second, or intermediate, level in Kohlberg's theory of moral development. At this level, individuals abide by certain standards but they are the standards of others such as parents or the laws of society.
Postconventional reasoning
The highest level in Kohlberg's theory of moral development. At this level, the individual recognizes alternative moral courses, explores the options, and then decides on a personal moral code.
social role theory
a theory that gender differences result from the contrasting roles of men and women
Psycoanalytic theory of gender
stems from Freud's view that the preschool child develops a sexual attraction to the opposite-sex parent. This is the process known as the Oedipus (for boys) or Electra (for girls) complex. At 5 or 6 years of age, the child renounces this attraction becau
social cognitive theory of gender
a theory emphasizing that children's gender development occurs through the observation and imitation of gender behavior and through the rewards and punishments children experience for gender-appropriate and gender-inappropriate behavior
selective optimization with compensation
The theory, developed by Paul and Margaret Baltes, that people try to maintain a balance in their lives by looking for the best way to compensate for physical and cognitive losses and to become more proficient in activities they can already do well.
Assimilation
interpreting our new experiences in terms of our existing schemas
accommodation
adapting our current understandings (schemas) to incorporate new information
correlational research
research that seeks to identify whether an association or relationship between two factors exists
Case Study Research
An in-depth look at a single individual.
descriptive research
Studies designed to observe and record behavior.
experimental research
A carefully regulated procedure in which one or more of the factors believed to influence the behavior being studied are manipulated while all other factors are held constant.
developmental connection
cross sectional
type of study that measures a variable across several age groups at the same time. SHORT AMOUNT OF TIME
longitudinal
A research strategy in which the same individuals are studied over a period of time, usually several years or more.
plastic
capacity for change
lifelong
no age period dominates development
multidimensional
Has biological, cognitive, and socioemotional dimensions
multidirectional
Some dimensions expand and others shrink
multidisciplinary
various areas of study have an interest I the field of development through the life span
contextual
all development occurs within a context or setting. EZ social cultural historical factors
prospective memory
remembering to do things in the future