Zack is having a conversation with his friend Ben in a crowded room. Despite the presence of many voices around him, Zack focuses on what Ben is saying. This is an example of _____ attention
Selective
Identify the region of the human brain in which neurogenesis has been documented in adults
Olfactory bulb and Hippocampus
Improvements in _____ memory in older adults were linked to sustained engagement in cognitively demanding, novel activities
Episodic
Which of the following is the probable reason for the decline in working memory in older adults?
Increased distractibility
Which of the following constitute dense deposits of protein that accumulate in the blood vessels?
Amyloid plaques
Remembering where you went on vacation last summer is an example of _____ memory
Episodic
Visually encoded _____ memory was linked to older adults' mobility
Working
The concept of _____ emphasizes that changes in cognitive activity patterns might result in disuse and consequent atrophy of cognitive skills
Use it or lose it
A person's knowledge about the world is called _____ memory
Semantic
An example of _____ attention is the ability to focus on one voice among many in a crowded room or a noisy restaurant
Selective
The stress of caring for a spouse who has a chronic disease can:
Place demands on intimacy
Studies on the Big Five factors of personality found that transition into late adulthood was characterized by increases in the aspects of impulse control, reliability, and conventionality. To which Big Five personality factor do these aspects belong?
Conscientiousness
Which of the following is TRUE regarding altruism and volunteerism in older adults?
Older adults are focused on contributing to the public good
For 60- to 80-year-olds, the death of a partner was a stronger indicator of loneliness:
For men than for women
According to a recent study, maximization of which psychological resource was linked to a higher quality of life in the future?
Self-efficacy
A 12-year longitudinal study revealed that older adults who had persistently low or declining feelings of usefulness to others had:
An increased risk of earlier death
Which theory gained support by the finding that as individuals grow older they had fewer peripheral social contacts but retained close relationships with people who provided them with emotional support?
Socioemotional selectivity theory
It is observed that respect for older adults is greater in _____ cultures than in _____ cultures
Collectivistic; individualistic
Why, according to the socioemotional selectivity theory, do older adults deliberately increase the time spent with close friends and family members?
They place a high value on emotional satisfaction
Josue has incurable cancer. However, he promises to lead a reformed life dedicated to God if God will spare his life. Josue is in which of K�bler-Ross' stages of dying?
Bargaining
Which of the following is K�bler-Ross' third stage of dying?
Bargaining
A "good death" involves all of the following EXCEPT:
A) Support from loved ones
B) Not feeling like a burden to others
C) Acceptance
D) Appropriate medical care
B) Not feeling like a burden to others
_____ can be used to avoid the destructive impact of shock by delaying the necessity of dealing with one's death
Denial
Delilah lost her husband Hendricks to a bloody highway accident. Being just three years into marriage, she was devastated. Four months later, she was hassled by problems such as intrusive thoughts, flashbacks, nightmares, sleep disturbance, and problems i
Post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms
According to your text, grief encompasses all of the following EXCEPT:
A) Despair
B) Relief
C) Depression
D)Sadness
B) Relief
Active euthanasia is legal in:
The Netherlands and Uruguay
Jamie lost his wife of many years. He is still experiencing enduring despair a year after her death. Holly Prigerson and her colleagues would label this as:
Prolonged grief
Most psychologists believe that it is best for dying individuals to:
Know that they are dying
Selective Attention
Ability to focus attention on a selected stimulus for a prolonged period of time
-Older adults perform as well as middle-aged and younger adults
Explicit Memory
Memory of facts and experiences that individuals consciously know and can state
-Episodic and semantic memory are forms of explicit memory
Implicit Memory
Memory without conscious recollection
-Implicit memory is less likely to be adversely affected by aging than explicit memory
Episodic Memory
Retention of information about the where and when of life's happenings
-Younger adults have better episodic memory than older adults
-Episodic memory declines more than semantic memory
Semantic Memory
Person's knowledge about the world
-Older adults often take longer to retrieve semantic information, but can ultimately retrieve it
-Ability to retrieve very specific information, such as names, usually declines in older adults
Wisdom
Expert knowledge about the practical aspects of life that permits excellent judgement about important matters
-High levels of wisdom are rare
-Factors other than age that are critical for wisdom to develop to a high level
-Personality-related factors are
Dementia
Global term for neurological disorders in which primary symptoms involve deterioration of mental functioning
-Often lose the ability to care for themselves and may become unable to recognize familiar people or surroundings
-23% of women and 17% of men 85
Alzheimer Disease
Progressive, irreversible brain disorder characterized by deterioration of memory, reasoning, language, and eventually, physical functioning
-Estimated 5.4 million in the US have Alzheimer disease
-Women are more likely to develop Alzheimer disease becaus
Integrity vs. Despair
Erikson's 8th and final stage of development, which individuals experience during late adulthood
-Reflecting on the past and either piecing together a positive review or concluding that one's life has not been well spent
Reminiscence Therapy
Discussing past activities and experiences with another individual or group
Activity Theory
The more active and involved older adults are, the more likely they are to be satisfied with their lives
Socioemotional Selectivity Theory
Older adults become more selective about their social network
-Spend more time with familiar individuals with whom they have had rewarding relationships
-Challenges stereotypes of emotional despair due to social isolation
Ageism
Prejudice against others because of their age, especially prejudice against older adults
Social Convoy Model
Throughout life, individuals are embedded in a personal network to whom they give and from whom they receive social support
-Social support helps individuals of all ages cope with life's challenges
Brain Death
Neurological definition of death which states that a person is brain dead when all electrical activity of brain has ceases for a specified period of time
-Flat EEG reading
Euthanasia
Painless ending of life of those suffering from incurable disease or severe disability
-Sometimes called "mercy killing
Passive Euthanasia
Withholding available treatments
Active Euthanasia
Death is deliberately induced by injecting a lethal dose of a drug
Good Death
Involves physical comfort, support from loved ones, and appropriate medical care
Hospice
Program committed to making end of life as free from pain, anxiety, and depression as possible
Kubler-Ross' stages of Dying
Divided the behavior and thinking of dying persons into five stages:
-Denial and Isolation
-Anger
-Bargaining
-Depression
-Acceptance
Mild Cognitive Impairment
Represents a transitional state between the cognitive changes of normal aging and very early disease
-fMRI shows smaller brain regions involved in memory for individuals with MCI
Selective Optimization with Compensation Theory
Successful aging is related to 3 main factors; selection, optimization and compensation
Selection
Older adults have a reduced capacity and loss of functioning, which require a reduction in performance in most life domains
Optimization
Possible to maintain performance in some areas through continued practice and the use of new technologies
Compensation
When life tasks require higher level of performance than older adults' capacity
Palliative Care
Goals contrast with hospital care, reduced pain and suffering, helping die with dignity
Assisted Suicide
-Legal in 4 European Countries
- No official US policy, decision left up to each state; Oregon, Washington, and Montana
Denial and Isolation
First stage of dying: the dying person denies that she or he is really going to die
Anger
Second stage of dying: the dying person recognizes that denial can no longer be maintained
Bargaining
Third stage of dying: the dying person develops the hope that death can somehow be postponed or delayed
Depression
Fourth stage of dying: the dying person comes to accept the certainty of death
Acceptance
Fifth stage of dying: the dying person develops a sense of peace, an acceptance of one's fate, and in many cases, a desire to be left alone
Grief
Emotional numbness, disbelief, separation anxiety, despair, sadness, and loneliness that accompany the loss of someone we love
Complicated Grief/Prolonged Grief Disorder
Enduring and unresolved despair over an extended period of time
Forms of Mourning
#NAME?
_____ attention, which consists of focusing on a specific aspect of experience that is relevant while ignoring others that are irrelevant, generally decreases in older adults.
Selective
Which of the following is a region of the adult human brain where neurogenesis has been documented?
Hippocampus
Why are older adults more likely to forget what items they wanted to buy at a grocery store (unless they write them down on a list and take it with them) than they are to forget how to drive a car?
Implicit memory is less likely to be adversely affected by aging than explicit memory.
Which of the following statements about the relationship between semantic memory and aging is TRUE?
Episodic memory declines more than semantic memory in older adults.
Visually encoded _____ memory was linked to older adults' mobility.
working
Which of the following statements about cohabiting older adults is TRUE?
Research indicates that middle-aged and older adult cohabiting men and women reported higher levels of depression than their married counterparts.
The model of selective optimization with compensation proposes that successful aging is related to three main factors. Which of these factors is based on the concept that, in old age, there is a reduced capacity and loss of functioning that mandate a redu
Selection
For a terminally ill person, which of the following can be the most useful benefit of denying one's imminent death?
Denial can help to insulate the dying person from coping with intense feelings of anger.