Forensic Test

class evidence

material that connects an individual or thing to a certain group

circumstantial evidence

evidence used to imply a fact but not prove it directly

individual evidence

evidence that identifies a particular person or thing

chain of custody

the documented and unbroken transfer of evidence

Locard's Exchange Principle

Contacts between people and objects during a crime can involve a transfer of material that is evidence of the crime

Perception

interpreting information received from the senses

forensic

relating to the application of scientific knowledge to legal questions

paper bindle

a folded paper used to hold trace evidence

Medulla

central core of a hair fiber

catagen stage

Hair grows and changes

eyewitness

person at scene of crime that observes events pertaining to crime

first responder

first police officer to arrive at a crime scene

opinion

personal belief founded on judgement rather than on direct experience or knowledge

hair follicle

actively growing root or base of a hair containing DNA and living cells

anagen stage

Period of active growth when the cells of hair are rapidly dividing

Melanin

pigment found in the cortex of a hair

Innocence Project

reexamines post conviction cases using DNA evidence

primary crime scene

the location where the crime took place

cortex

region of a hair located outside of the medulla containing granules of pigment

medullary index

ratio of diameter of hair medulla to the diameter of the entire hair

Observation

what a person perceives using his or her senses

telogen stage

Hair follicle remains dormant or resting, hairs easily lost

Cuticle

tough outer covering of a hair composed of overlapping scales

Keratin

fibrous protein that makes up the majority of the cuticle

direct evidence

evidence (if true) proves an alleged fact, such as an eyewitness account of a crime