interpersonal communication
the exchange of thoughts, feelings, and beliefs between two or more people
small group communication
communication w/in a group of people
public communication
communication that occurs within large groups of people; community settings
mass communication
the communication of a concept or message to large audiences
self monitoring
personality trait that assesses the extent to which people's behavior reflects their true feelings and attitudes
cognitive complexity
the ability to understand a given situation in multiple ways
No
survive without communication?
Relation needs
The essesential elements people seek in their relationships with others.
Communication
Is the process by which we use signs symbols and behaviors to exchange information.
relationships
So fundamental that we can hardley get by without them
rich social life
is one the most powerful predictors in a persons happiness
Identity needs
People form their identities partly by comparing themselves to others.
Good communicators
Emphasize different aspects of their identities in different situations.
Spirituality needs
includes beliefs about the meaning of life, such as personal philosophies
Model
A formal description of a process such as communication
Action model
A model describing communication as a one-way process
Sources
The originator of a thought or an idea
interaction model
A model describing communication as a process shaped by feedback and context.
Feedback
Verbal and nonverbal responses to a message.
Context
The physical or psychological environment in which communication occurs
Traction model
A model describing communication as a processes in which everyone is simultaneously a sender and a receiver.
happy marriage
The single most important predictor in the happiness in life id
Marital happiness
Is more important than income, job status, education, leisure time, or anything else
Spirtuality
includes the principles someone value in life and encompasses a person's morals or notion about right and wrong
instrumental needs
Practical, everyday needs
model
A formal description? of a process such as communication is called
Action,interaction, and transaction model
Three different models that communication scholars developed over the years
action model
A model describing communication as a one-way process
encode
To put an idea into language or gesture
channel
method of transmitting and receiving a message (received via sight, hearing, and/or touch)
interaction model
A model describing communication as a process shaped by feedback and context
two-way process.
The interaction model recongnizes that communication is
Feedback and context
Second it adds two elements to the mix
feedback
The receiver 's verbal or nonverbal response to a message
context
the physical or psychological environment in which communication occurs
transaction model
A model describing communication as a process in which everyone is simultaneously a sender and a receiver
interaction model
More realistic than the action model, it still has limitations
During coversation
it often seems as though both people are sending and receiving information simultaneously rather than simply communication back and forth.
Shared values, beliefs, and behaviors of people
Communication is also influenced by our culture, the collection of
Transaction Model
Most complex of the three model, better describes complex face to face communication.
Channels
Communication relies on multiple
filters
communication passes through perceptual
relation implication
communication has literal meanings and
unintentional
communication sends messages, whether intentional or
Channel-rich context
A communication context involving many channels at once
simultaneously
You can the information from all those channels
channel-lean context
A communication context involving few channels at once
symbol
A representation of an idea
content dimension
literal information that is communicated by a message
relational dimension
signals about the relationship in which a message is being communicated
metacommunication
communication about communication
explicit rules
rules that have been clearly articulated
implicit rules
rules that have not been clearly articulated but are nonetheless understood
Intrapersonal, interpersonal, small group, public and mass
Five types of communiction
intrapersonal communication
communication with oneself