Interpersonal Communication Chapter 9

relationship

Connection established when we communicate with another person.

interpersonal relationship

Perception shared by two people of an ongoing interdependent connection that results in the development of relational expectations and varies in interpersonal intimacy.

interpersonal intimacy

Degree to which relational partners mutually accept and confirm each other's sense of self.

relationship of circumstance

Interpersonal relationship that exists because of life circumstances (who your family members are, where you work or study, and so on).

relationship of choice

Interpersonal relationship you choose to initiate, maintain, and, perhaps, terminate.

complementary relationship

Relationship in which power is divided unevenly, with one partner dominating and the other submitting.

symmetrical relationship

Relationship in which both partners behave toward power in the same way, either both wanting power or both avoiding it.

competitive symmetrical relationship

Relationship in which both people vie for power and control of decision making.

submissive symmetrical relationship

Relationship in which neither partner wants to take control or make decisions.

parallel relationship

Relationship in which power shifts back and forth between the partners, depending on the situation.

interpersonal attraction

Degree to which you want to form or maintain an interpersonal relationship.

short-term initial attraction

Degree to which you sense a potential for developing an interpersonal relationship.

long-term maintenance attraction

Degree of liking or positive feelings that motivate us to maintain or escalate a relationship.

predicted outcome value (POV)

Potential for a relationship to confirm our self-image compared to its potential costs.

proximity

Physical nearness to another that promotes communication and thus attraction

physical appearance

Nonverbal cues that allow us to assess relationship potential (POV).

competence

The quality of being skilled, intelligent, charismatic, and credible

reciprocation of liking

Liking those who like us.

similarity

Having comparable personalities, values, upbringing,personal experiences, attitudes, and interests.

complementary needs

Needs that match; each partner contributes something to the relationship that the other partner needs.

relational development

Movement of a relationship from one stage to another, either toward or away from greater intimacy.

relational escalation

Movement of a relationship toward intimacy through five stages: preinteraction awareness, acquaintance, exploration, intensification, and intimacy.

introductions

Sub-stage of the acquaintance stage of relationship development, in which interaction is routine and basic information is shared.

casual banter

Sub-stage of the acquaintance stage of relationship development, in which impersonal topics are discussed but very limited personal information is shared.

relational de-escalation

Movement of a relationship away from intimacy through five stages: turmoil or stagnation, deintensification, individualization, separation, and post-separation.

post-intimacy relationship

Formerly intimate relationship that is maintained at a less intimate stage.

turning point

Specific event or interaction associated with a positive or negative change in a relationship.

causal turning point

Event that brings about a change in a relationship.

reflective turning point

Event that signals a change in the way a relationship is defined.

filtering

Process of reducing the number of partners at each stage of relational development by applying selection criteria.

social exchange theory

Theory that claims people make relationship decisions by assessing and comparing the costs and rewards.

immediate rewards and costs

Rewards and costs that are associated with a relationship at the present moment.

forecasted rewards and costs

Rewards and costs that an individual assumes will occur, based on projection and prediction.

cumulative rewards and costs

Total rewards and costs accrued during a relationship.

expected rewards and costs

Expectation of how much reward we should get from a given relationship in comparison to its costs.

relational dialectics theory

Theory that views relational development as the management of tensions that are pulling us in two directions at the same time (connectedness-autonomy; predictability-novelty; openness-closedness.

social penetration theory

Theory of relational development that posits that increases in intimacy are connected to increases in self-disclosure.

social penetration model

A model of the self that reflects both the breadth and the depth of information that can potentially be disclosed.

breadth

The various pieces of self, like hobbies, beliefs, family, school, and fears that can be potentially disclosed.

depth

How personal or intimate the informatin is that might be disclosed.

communication privacy management theory

Theory that suggests that we each manage our own degree of privacy by means of personal boundaries and rules for sharing information.

dyadic effect

The reciprocal nature of self-disclosure: "You disclose to me, and I'll disclose to you.

warranting

Looking for clues to validate or invalidate an online claim.