WGU C132 - Elements of Effective Communication Practice Test

Noshin is listening to Leah tell a story about what
happened in class yesterday. The two are engaging in
which actions?

Noshin is decoding and Leah is encoding

Prior to class, Ralitza received a phone message
alerting her to call home immediately. As a result of
receiving this message, Ralitza is unable to focus
on the class discussion. Which component of the
communication process does this describe?

Noise

You're on the phone with a friend and you propose
a time to meet at your favorite restaurant. Your
friend asks, "You said 7:00pm, right?" This is a basic
illustration of the ________ model of communication:

Interaction

Jenny is speaking to Madina about her ideas for a speech.
While Jenny is speaking, Madina simultaneously shakes
her head and has a puzzled look on her face. Jenny
notices this response and stops and explains her ideas in
another way. This example is most

Communication as transaction

Kara's friend states that she did not understand what
Kara meant by her previous statement. Kara restates
her message by giving an example that is personally
relevant to her friend. Kara's behavior best illustrates
which of the principles of communication

Appropriately adapting your messages to others

Brian expresses his dislike for Chinese food. Brian's
dislike demonstrates which component of self-
concept?

Attitude

Aaron was asked to give a speech to the incoming freshmen about the advantages of serving in student government. He had never given a speech before and was very nervous. A speech professor suggested that in addition to practicing, he could picture himself

Visualization

Chris and Bryan are having a conversation. After a while,
Chris stands up to leave, puts on his coat, and moves
toward the door. Bryan sees him moving toward the door
but continues talking with no signs of wrapping up the
conversation. What problem is Bry

Interpretation

Robin suspected that her roommate, Julie, wanted to break
up with her boyfriend. Rather than asking her specifically,
Robin paid close attention to how Julie complained about
him, avoided his phone calls, and was late getting ready for
dates with him. Wha

Indirect perception checking

Veronica noticed that her roommate responded with short,
one-word answers to her questions. She suspected that her
roommate was upset with her, but she didn't know why. How
might she engage in direct perception checking to validate her
assumptions about h

Tell her roommate that it seems like she's been avoiding her and ask if something is wrong.

According to your book, the problem with using "man"
as a generic reference to all people is it:

maintains sex-based perceptions

Chris and Ryan are having a huge argument. Chris
said to Ryan, "Either your love me or you don't!" Which
of the following barriers to effective communication
does this statement represent?

Polarization

Greg has just started his new job and is feeling
overwhelmed with projects that are coming due in a short
time. He is talking with Julia, his friend and co-worker. Julia
responds by relating the frustration and confusion she felt
when she started the job

Empathy

In response to his son's request, Tom said, "I don't
care what you want! You'll do what I tell you to do
because I am your father!" How would you most
accurately categorize this response?

It is being superior rather than equal.

When Keri wanted Ben to stop talking, she averted
her eyes and turned her back. The function of this
behavior was to:

regulate interaction

During a recent conversation, Alexis observed
Patricia making a nonverbal gesture that she could
not interpret. Later that day, she asked Roberta, who
had been a part of the conversation, to help her to
understand the gesture. Alexis was using:

perception-checking

A co-worker walks up to Barbara at her desk in order to ask a
question about a project they are working on together. Barbara
is in the middle of writing an email but needs to listen her co-
worker's question. What can Barbara do to show good listening
ski

Turn away from the computer screen and maintain eye contact with the co-worker while speaking

As her student places his hand on her shoulder,
Professor Wilson feels that the touch is inappropriate
and violates her:

touch ethic

Since Eric is on a stage well away from his audience
during his presentation, the space between him and
the audience is:

Public

As Juan sat in his biology lab, the lab instructor was
droning on about the technique of vivisection. Juan
kept thinking about the concert he was planning to
attend on the weekend. Which of the following stages
of listening is Juan having the most trouble

Attending

Michael is thinking about what he wants to tell Amanda
about what happened at his new job rather than
listening to the story she is telling. This is an example
of which of the following barriers to listening?

Self-focus

David sees Joe and says, "Hey, Joe. I just don't know
what to do. I've got a term paper due by Monday, a group
project in marketing, my boss wants me to work overtime
this week, and now Mary is after me to go visit her parents
over the weekend." Which of

You sound like you have a lot of demands on your time,
Dave.

What are the three reasons explained as reasons for why we should study communication?

� Employability
� Relationships
� Improve health

human communication

The process of making sense out of the world and sharing that sense with others by creating meaning through verbal and nonverbal messages.

communication

The process of acting on information.

What are the three communication models?

� Action
� Interaction
� Transaction

� The sender encodes

places meaning in a message

� The receiver decodes

interprets meaning in a message

synchronous communication,

you communicate in real time; when you speak, someone immediately responds to your message.

Asynchronous

out of sync

What are some concerns about mediated communication?

� Decreases human

� Self-awareness

Capacity to reflect on one's mental state

� Self-concept

Interior identity

� Self-esteem

what is your value?

What are the four levels of Maslow's framework?

� Unconscious incompetence
� Conscious incompetence
� Conscious competence
� Unconscious competence

� attitude

A learned predisposition to respond to a person, object, or idea in a favorable or unfavorable way.

� belief

The way in which you structure your understanding of reality�what is true and what is false.

� Value

An enduring concept of good and bad or right and wrong.

direct perception taking

depends on your perception

indirect perception taking

depends on someone else s opinion of what you perceive

� Language

system of symbols

� Symbol

a word, gesture, or visual image that represents a thought, concept, object, or experience

� Meaning

interpretation of a symbol

� supportive communication-

Language that creates a climate of trust, caring, and acceptance.

� defensive communication

Language that creates a climate of hostility and mistrust.

Nonverbal communication is primarily for communicating what?

� Feelings
� Attitudes

� kinesics

Human movements, gestures, and posture

� expectancy violations model

A model that suggests that we develop rules or expectations for appropriate nonverbal behavior and react when those expectations are violated.

Approximately what percent of your communication is attributed to listening?

55%

Define paraphrasing.

� Restating your partner's message in your own words; used to check the accuracy of your interpretation of the message

What is social support

� Sensitive and empathic listening

� Gender

socially reinforced by others, as well as one's own life experience (male, female, androgynous)

� Sex

determined by biology

� Masculine Approach

More instrumental; often characterized by assertiveness and getting things done

� Feminine Approach

More expressive; often characterized by an emphasis on connecting with others and fostering harmonious relationships

� Ethnicity

a social classification based on factors such as nationality, religion, and language, as well as biological ancestral heritage

� Race

genetically transmitted physical characteristics of a group of people

culture.

� A learned system of knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, values, and norms that is shared by a group of people and shaped from one generation to the next

co-culture.

� A culture that exists within a larger cultural context

culture shock

� Feelings of confusion, loss, stress, and anxiety that a person may experience when encountering a culture different from his/her own

interpersonal communication

� a special form of human communication that occurs when two people interact simultaneously and attempt to mutually influence each other

mediated interpersonal communication

� communication that occurs when two people attempt to mutually influence each other through the use of a mediated channel

three unique attributes of interpersonal communication?

� High quality
� Mutually Influential
� Relationship managing

interpersonal attraction.

� The degree to which one desires to form or maintain an interpersonal relationship with another person.

Uncertainty-reduction Theory

A driving human motivation to increase predictability by reducing the unknown in one's circumstances.

communication strategies that reduce uncertainty

� Passive
� Active
� Interactive

self-disclosure

occurs when we voluntarily provide information to others that they would not learn unless we told them

the Johari Window

A model that explains how self-disclosure varies from relationship to relationship; the model reflects various stages of relational development, degrees of self-awareness, and others' perceptions.

four quadrants of the Johari Window

� Open Quadrant
� Blind Quadrant
� Hidden Quadrant
� Unknown Quadrant

stages of relational de-escalation

� Turmoil
� Stagnation
� De-Intensification
� Individualization
� Separation
� Post-Interaction

stages of relational escalation

� Pre-interaction awareness-
� Initiation
� Exploration
� Intensification
� Intimacy

interpersonal conflict

a struggle that occurs when two people cannot agree on a way to meet their needs

� assertive communication

Communication that takes a listener's feelings and rights into account.

� aggressive communication

Self-serving communication that does not take a listener's feelings and rights into account.

small group

� 3-15 people who share a common purpose, feel a sense of belongingness to the group, and exert influence on one another

leader

a person who influences others in the group, can be more than one person

� rules

followable prescriptions that indicate what behavior is expected or preferred

� Norms

general standards that determine what is appropriate and inappropriate behavior in a group.

Fisher's model of group talk

� Orientation
� Conflict
� Emergence
� Reinforcement

force field analysis" model

A method of analyzing a problem or issue by identifying forces that increase the likelihood that the desired goal will occur (driving forces) and forces that decrease the probability that the goal will occur (restraining forces).

� illusion of transparency

The mistaken belief that the physical manifestations of a speaker's nervousness are apparent to an audience.

basic general purposes for a presentation?

� to inform, to persuade, and to entertain.

� Specific purpose

o A concise statement of what listeners should be able to do by the time the speaker finishes the presentation.

� Central idea

definitive point about a topic

ways to organize a presentation

� Topical
� Chronological
� Spatial
� Cause and Effect
� Problem and Solution

signposts

� organizational cues for the audience's ears

examples of signposts

� previews, transitions, and summaries

� preparation outline

A detailed outline of a presentation that includes the central idea, main ideas, and supporting material, and may also include specific purpose, introduction, and conclusion.

� speaking notes

Your speaking notes should provide all the information you will need to make your presentation as you have planned, but not be so detailed that you will be tempted to read rather than speak to your audience

four methods of presentation delivery

manuscript speaking, memorized speaking, impromptu speaking, and extemporaneous speaking.

How can language be used to make a speech memorable

� Figurative Language
� Drama
� Cadence- The rhythm of language.

What are three ways to make an informative presentation clear for the audience?

� Simplify ideas, pace your information flow, relate new information to old

Persuasion

The process of attempting to change or reinforce a listener's attitudes, beliefs, values, or behavior.

cognitive dissonance

a. The sense of mental disorganization or imbalance that may prompt a person to change when new information conflicts with previously organized thought patterns.

Larry visits a Russian company to present a business proposal. His interaction with this group would be
considered an example of _____.

intercultural communication

2. Which of the following statements is true concerning cultural context?

It is communicated primarily through environment and nonverbal cues.

3. Greg's new job required that he make a sales presentation in Korea. When he arrived, he was stressed
due to the differences in language, customs, and food. How would you best describe what Greg was
feeling?

Culture shock

People from the United States often think that individual choice and achievement is important. This
would be an example of _____.

a cultural value

5. Which of the following is a characteristic of a collectivistic culture?

Group achievement is valued over individual achievement.

When Sonny and Carly were eating at a local restaurant and Sonny waved his hand in the air to call the
food server to their table, he was engaging in _____.

impersonal communication

Lara has just started a new job and is feeling somewhat anxious. She can reduce her uncertainty by
which passive method?

Observing her surroundings and how people interact on the job

Steve and his friends are foreign film buffs. Every weekend, they drive to the nearest city and attend
what is showing at one of the fine arts theaters. This group is an example of a

social group

A vigilant thinker is focused on the _____ of problem solving.

process

Public speaking is also known as...

Presentational speaking

J.P. wants to develop a presentation about the five bases of interpersonal power (legitimate,
reward, coercive, expert, and referent). His topic would be best suited for what type of organizational pattern?

Topical

What figure of speech is reflected in the statement, "Family loyalty is the very life blood, the very
backbone of our society"?

Metaphor

Satoshi gave a speech explaining three types of Japanese writing. This is example of a speech to_____.

inform

The process of changing or reinforcing attitudes, beliefs, values, or behavior is the process of _____.

persuading

At the end of my speech, the audience will prefer drinking water to drinking soda" is an example of a speech that targets a(n) _____.

attitude