symbolism
a late 19th century movement based on the idea that the artist was not an imitator of nature but a creator who transformed the facts of nature into a symbol of the inner experience of that fact
The Interpretation of Dreams
written in 19oo by Sigmund Freud, this book had a huge influence on many artists for over sixty years. Freud believed the true forces of reality were symbolically made manifest in dreams
art nouveau
a late 19th and early 20th century art movement whose proponents tried to synthesize all the arts in an effort to create art based on natural forms that could be mass produced
Fauvism
wild beasts", color becomes the formal element most responsible for pictoral coherence and the primary conveyor of meaning
expressionism
a movement focused on the artist's inner experience or personal vision that often had a strong emotional dimension
The Bridge
a group of Expressionists who thought they were the "bridge" from traditional painting to modern art
theosophy
the occult philosophical teachings of Helena Blavatsky whose mysticism had a great influence on many artists
analytic cubism
artists analyze form from every possible vantage point to combine the various views into one pictoral whole
synthetic cubism
a later phase of cubism in which paintings were constructed from objects and shapes cut from paper or other materials to represent parts of a subject in order to engage the viewer with pictoral issues, such as figuration, realism, and abstraction
De Stijl
The Style", founded by Piet Mondrain and Theo van Doesburg, whose members promoted utopian ideals and developed a simplified geometric style
dada
an art movement prompted y a revulsion against the horror of World War I. With humor and whimsy, and a disdain for convention, it challenged our fundamental assumptions concerning art and society
ready-made
a commonplace object selected and exhibited as a work of art
Les Demoiselles d'Avignon
-artist: Picasso
-post-Impressionist
-drew realistically during childhood, tried to find style rest to life
-Cezanne (deconstruct form and space)
-beginning of Cubism
-Gaugin (direct color) interest in primitive
-masks and Africa
-age of Freud- behavior c
Guernica
-artist: Picasso
-northern Spain 1937
-Basque region
-General Franco is a fascist, tells Luftwaffe to do practice run in a Basque
-Picasso is an atheist, uses secular Christianity
-secularized triptych
-puts newspaper talking about explosion in work
-blac
The Kiss
-artist: Klimt
-Austria is the city of Freud
-pyschoanalysis
-emphasize geometric influence
-men are rigid, women are soft (rectangle vs circle)
-intertwined
-very little human representation
-gold background, mosaic- Byzantine Christianity
The Kiss
-artist: Brancusi
-geometric, abstract
-minimalistic
-sense of unity
-pop culture phenomenon: Russian died, this was grave marker on tombstone
-French made pilgrimage to view grave marker
The Portuguese
-artist: Barak
-cubism thought experiment is known as analytical cubism
-viewer must put shapes together like a puzzle
-monochromatic
-letters, words, music notes
-break into geometric forms and mix pieces
Goldfish
-artist: Matisse
-inspired by Japanese woodprints
-light refraction and table does not make sense in real three dimensional world
-play with depth and perception
-offers art where you don't have to think, unlike Picasso
The Red Room
-artist: Matisse
-fauvism is an art genre that pushes abstraction and wild color
-known as "wild beast" art
-perspective is gone, as seen by the table and wall
-meant to be fun and amusing, not thought-provoking
The Joy of Life
-artist: Matisse
-a return to idyllic view of nature from Rococo
-natural state, organic
-dance (remembrance of ritual)
-celebrate nature
-people are enjoying music, kissing, lounging
-warm and happy colors
-Picasso is angry that Matisse is not serious
The Large Blue Horses
-artist: Marc
-blue riders
-influenced by Kradinsky
-colors are therapeutic
-animals are more innocent, pure, faithful than humans
-dies during WWI in Germany
Self-Portrait as a Soldier
-artist: Kirchner
-expressionism
-WWI
-part of German group called "The Bridge"
-old to new
-harsh and uninviting
-soldier who tried to fake illness, cowardly
-right hand is gone (hand of God, hand of creation [think "Creation of Adam" by Michelangelo])
-
Self-Portrait Nude
-artist: Schiele
-WWI (German who is losing fight)
-man undergoing panic attack (reminiscent of Munch's "Scream")
-emaciated, full of sores and rashes
-mandorla is not religious but rather gives viewer a sense of claustrophobia
-right hand (ability to cre
Masks
-artist: Nolde
-expressionism (influenced by The Bridge)
-intense colors
-mask- ritual
-German anthropology expedition to Papua New Guinea
-stone age people
-in Germany, there are also masks seen at Carnival
-mask motif, interest in primitive (noble savag
Improvisation 28
-artist: Kradinsky
-Expressionism
-group known as "Blue Riders"
-member of the philosophical cult called theosophy
-inspired by ideas from Freud and Einstein
-mystical understanding of forces
-believed that art was therapeutic, healing (goal was to save h
Memorial Sheet for Karl Liebnecht
-artist: Kollwitz
-German viewpoint
-mourning the deaths of millions who died during WWI
-economy is failing, war is inevitable
-tenebrism on faces
-artist's son was killed at war
-Liebnecht comes home from war and tries to change things
-leads Spartacus
Villa Savoye
-artist: Le Corbusier
-international style
-3 bedroom house in the country
-house is a machine
-no roof, functional patio instead
-furniture connected to the walls
-architectural experiment
-white stands for minimalism and simplicity
-try to engineer heal
Composition with Red, Blue, Yellow
-artist: Mondrain
-primary colors (most basic)
-geometric- rectangles only
-abstraction to the fullest
-minimalistic
-de stijl (translates to "the style")
-color communicates truths
-arrangement is supposed to teach something
Fallingwater
-artist: Wright
-Pennsylvania
-prairie style
-horizontal, ranch-like orientation
-skyscrapers are becoming popular, known as the cathedrals of commerce
-opposed the urbanization- "You do not build on nature, but in nature"
-naturally flowing river, forest
Fountain
-artist: Duchamp
-art style is called Dadaism (hobby horses)
-take ready-mades and change the context
-serious joke
-Europe is destroying itself (WW1)
-point out that there is something absurd/wrong about the nationalism and pride causing them to fight
-e
L.H.O.O.Q.
-paper poster, mass produced
-put goatee on Mona Lisa
-people ask "Who owns art?"
-having fun with an iconic image
-patronage of the wealthy/the church has dictated art for century
-title translates to "She has a hot ass"
-since it isn't a religious image