Anavysos Kouros. Archaic Greek.
c. 530 B.C.E. Marble with remnants of paint.
Peplos Kore from the Acropolis.
Archaic Greek. c. 530 B.C.E. Marble, painted details.
Athenian agora. Archaic through Hellenistic Greek. 600 B.C.E.-150 C.E. Plan.
Doryphoros (Spear Bearer).
Polykleitos. Original 450-440 B.C.E. Roman copy (marble) of Greek original (bronze).
Acropolis. Athens, Greece. Iktinos and Kallikrates. c. 447-424 B.C.E. Marble. (6 images)
Parthenon, the Temple of Athena Parthenos, Acropolis, Athens, Greece, 447-438
Phidias, Athena Parthenos, in the cella of the Parthenon, Acropolis, Athens, Greece, 438 BCE
Kallikrates, Temple of Athena Nike, Acropolis, Athens, Greece, 427-424 BCE
Nike adjusting her sandal, Temple of Athena Nike, Acropolis, Athens, Greece, 410 BCE.
Athena Lemnia," originally 450 BCE, bronze.
Praxiteles, "Aphrodite of Cnidos," Roman Copy of lost bronze original. 350 BCE
Niobides Krater. Anonymous vase painter of Classical Greece known as the Niobid Painter. c. 460-450 B.C.E. Clay, red-figure technique
Grave stele of Hegeso. Attributed to Kallimachos. c. 410 B.C.E. Marble and paint.
Winged Victory of Samothrace.
Hellenistic Greek. c. 190 B.C.E. Marble.
Great Altar of Zeus and Athena at Pergamon. Asia Minor (present-day Turkey). Hellenistic Greek. c. 175 B.C.E. Marble (architecture and sculpture)
Athena battling Alkyoneos, detail of the gigantomachy frieze, from the Altar of Zeus, Pergamon, Turkey. Marble.
Alexander Mosaic from the House of Faun, Pompeii. Republican Roman.
c. 100 B.C.E. Mosaic.
Seated boxer. Hellenistic Greek. c. 100 B.C.E. Bronze.
Nabataean tomb and temple, Petra, 1st Century BCE. Rock-cut sandstone
Sandro Botticelli, Birth of Venus, 1482. Tempera on canvas.
Hiram Powers, "Eve Tempted," marble. American, 1873-1876
Salvador Dali, "Venus de Milo with Drawers," 1936, plaster cast with metal drawers and mink pulls
Temple of Minerva (Veii, near Rome, Italy) and sculpture of Apollo.
Apulu, from the roof of the Portonaccio Temple, Veii, Italy, 510-500 BCE. Painted terra-cotta.
Sarcophagus of the Spouses.
Etruscan. c. 520 B.C.E. Terra cotta.
Interior of the Tomb of the Leopards, Tarquina, Italy, 480-470 BCE
Persian War
the acropolis was destroyed during the war, left destroyed for almost 30 years, Pericles decided to rebuild it on a more elaborate scale. The Greeks win the war, and this shows in their art (big cultural explosion). They believe that the gods think they a
Peloponnesian War
civil war, happens because Athens was taking all of the money from the Delian League. They feel threatened, get allies from other cities who are also feeling threatened. The treasury helped to rebuild Athens, but did begin the civil war. 350-340: statue o
Alexander the Great
child of the king, very successful, from Macedonia. Taught by Aristotle. His father conquered most of Greece and was assassinated by Macedonia. Alexander conquered the rest of Greece and began to conquer other places. After he dies, the Hellenistic period
Hellenistic Period
Alexander the Great's kingdom becomes broken up into smaller kingdoms, and art begins to grow and flourish. Art on larger scale, good time for artists, first museums set up, more innovations (sculptures: figures are always in movement, not always ideal, e
Delian League
an association of Greek city-states that paid a tax to help protect Greece from Persia.
Pericles
The golden age of Athenian culture flourished under his leadership. He was a brilliant general, politician, and patron of the arts.
Siege of Syracuse
The Romans stormed the city after a protracted siege giving them control of the entire island of Sicily
Archaic Era
Form of small figures of men, gods, and animals in clay or bronze. Influence of Syria begins to be felt, which leads to stone figures, standing or seated and usually less than life size, which were used as dedications or to decorate buildings. They have b
Classical Era
artists begin to consciously attempt to render human and animal forms realistically. How a body adjusts to a pose which is not stiffly frontal but with the weight shifted to one side of the body, and how a body behaves in violent motion. Figures are lifel
Stoa
an open building with a roof supported by a row of columns parallel to the back wall. A covered colonnade or portico.
Bouleterion
assembly house, council house, or senate house. Housed the council citizens of a democratic city state
Tholos
a temple with a circular plan
Temple of Hephaistos
dedicated to Hephaistos, god of metalworking. It was most likely used for religious offerings.
Pan-Athenaic Way
named after the procession which took place during the festival of the Panathenaia.
Erechtheion
temple on the Acropolis dedicated to Athena
Peristyle Temple
a colonnade all around the cella and its porch. A peripteral colonnade consists of a single row of columns on all sides; a dipteral colonnade has a double row all around.
Visual Corrections
viewing something with no straight lines as straight
Treasury
a small building set up for the safe storage of votive offerings.
Chryselephantine Statue of Athena Parthenos
Athena stands holding a Nike on her right hands that extends forward, as if offering Nike to the Athenian citizens. hallow construction with a wooden armature that supported the outer surfaces of the golden drapery
Ergastines on Ionic frieze of Panathenaic procession
procession of the citizens of Athens on the birthday of Athena, patron goddess of Athens. It would wind its way through the city until it reached her temple. Representation of something the Athenians would have lived themselves.
Prostyle temple
a style of ancient Greek temple in which the columns are only in front of the cella and not on the sides or back.
Ionic Order
Order evolved for articulating the three units of the elevation of a Greek temple: the platform and the colonnade. Characterized by volutes, capitals, columns with bases, and an uninterrupted frieze.
Balustrade
a railing held up by small posts, as on a staircase.
Nike
goddess who personified victory, also known as the Winged Goddess of Victory.
Kouros
young man." An Archaic Greek statuary type depicting a young man.
Kore
young woman." An Archaic Greek statuary type depicting a young woman.
Peplos
a simple long woolen belted garment worn by ancient Greek women
Canon
a rule of proportion. The ancient Greeks considered beauty to be a matter of "correct" proportion and sought a canon of proportion, for the human figure and for buildings.
Contrapposto
the disposition of the human figure in which one part is turned in opposition to another part, creating a counter positioning of the body about its central axis. Sometime called "weight shift" because the weight of the body tends to be thrown to one foot,
Symmetria
commensurability of parts." Polykleito's treatise on his canon of proportions incorporated the principle of symmetria.
Drapery
reflects the body type and shape the artist is trying to portray
Heroic nudity
indicates that a sculpture is in fact a hero or semi-divine being
black figure and red figure techniques
Black-the silhouetting of dark figures against a light background of natural, reddish clay, with linear details incised through the silhouettes. Red-the silhouetting of red figures against a black background, with painted linear details; the revers of bla
Amphora
a two-handled jar used for general storage purposes, usually to hold wine or oil
Krater
an ancient Greek wide-mouthed bowl for mixing wine and water.
Symposium
a meeting or conference to discuss a particular subject