Hypoperfusion
Shock
Sufficient circulation to meet cell needs
Perfusion
Regulate blood flow in capillaries
Sphincters
Regulates inventory body functions
Autonomic Nervous System
Provides a rough measure of perfusion
Blood Pressure
Early stage of shock
Compensated Shock
Severe bacterial infection
Septic Shock
Severe allergic reaction
Anaphylaxis
Fainting
Syncope
Refers to a state of collapse & failure of the cardiovascular system
Shock
Blood flow through the capillary beds is regulated by:
Capillary Sphincters
The autonomic nervous system regulates involuntary functions such as:
A) sweating
B) digestion
C) constriction & dilation of capillary sphincters
D) all of the above
D
What determines regulation of blood flow?
A) oxygen intake
B) systolic pressure
C) cellular need
D) diastolic pressure
C
Perfusion requires having a working cardiovascular system as well as:
A) adequate oxygen exchange in the lungs
B) adequate nutrients in the form of glucose in the blood
C) adequate waste removal
D) all of the above
D
The action of hormones such as norepinephrine stimulates ____ to maintain pressure in the system and, as a result, perfusion of all vital organs.
A) an increase in heart rate
B) an increase in the strength of cardiac contractions
C) vasoconstriction in no
D
Basic causes of shock include:
A) poor pump function
B) blood or fluid loss
C) blood vessel dilation
D) all of the above
D
Noncardiovascular causes of shock include respiratory insufficiency and:
A) sepsis
B) metabolism
C) anaphylaxis
D) hypovolemia
C
___ develops when the heart muscle can no longer generate enough pressure to circulate the blood to all organs.
cardiogenic shock
Damage to the spinal cord at the _____ level usually results in neurogenic shock.
cervical
In septic shock:
A) there's an insufficient volume of fluid in the container
B) the fluid that has leaked out often collects in the respiratory system
C) there's a larger-than-normal vascular bed to contain the smaller-than-normal volume of intravascular
D
Neurogenic shock is caused by:
A) a radical change in the size of the vascular system
B) massive vasoconstriction
C) low volume
D) fluid collecting around the spinal cord causing compression of the cord
A
Hypovolemic shock is a result of:
A) widespread vasodilation
B) low volume
C) massive vasoconstriction
D) pump failure
B
An insufficient concentration of ____ in the blood can produce shock as rapidly as vascular causes.
oxygen
Poor oxygenation & poor perfusion in anaphylactic shock is a result of?
widespread vasodilation
You should suspect shock in all of the following except:
A) a mild allergic reaction
B) multiple severe fractures
C) a severe infection
D) abdominal or chest injury
A
When treating a suspected-shock patient, vital signs should be record approximately every ___ minutes.
5
The Golden Period refers to the first 60 minutes after:
A) medical help arrives on scene
B) transport begins
C) the injury occurs
D) 9-1-1 is called
C
Signs of cardiogenic shock include all of the following EXCEPT:
A) cyanosis
B) strong, bounding pulse
C) nausea
D) anxiety
B
A sudden reaction of the nervous system that produces temporary vascular dilation & fainting.
Psychogenic Shock
T/F: Life-threatening allergic reactions can occur in response to almost any substance that a patient may encounter.
T
T/F: Bleeding is the most common cause of cardiogenic shock following an injury.
F
T/F: Shock occurs when oxygen & nutrients cannot get to the body's cells.
T
T/F: A person in shock, left untreated, will most likely survive.
F
T/F: Compensated shock is related to the last stages of shock.
F
T/F: An injection of epinephrine is the only really effective treatment for anaphylactic shock.
T
T/F: Septic shock is a combo of vessel & content failure.
T
T/F: Metabolism is the cardiovascular system's circulation of blood & oxygen to all cells in different tissues & organs of the body.
F
T/F: Shock occurs only with massive blood loss from the body.
F
T/F: Decompensated shock occurs when the systolic blood pressure falls below 120 mm Hg.
F
You're called to the residence of a 67-year-old man who is complaining of chest pain. He's alert & oriented. During your assessment, the patient tells you he has had two previous heart attacks. He is taking meds for fluid retention. As you listen to his l
edema
You're called to a construction site where a 27-year-old worker has fallen from the 2nd floor. He landed on his back & is drifting in & out of consciousness. A quick assessment reveals no bleeding or blood loss. His BP is 90/60 mm Hg with a pulse rate of
spinal cord
You respond to the local nursing home for an 85-year-old woman who has altered mental status. During your assessment you notice that the patient has an elevated body temperature. She is hypotensive & her pulse is tachycardic. The nursing staff tells you t
widespread dilation
You're called to a motor vehicle collision. Your patient is a 19-year-old woman who was not wearing her seatbelt. She is conscious but confused. Her airway is open & respirations are within normal limits. Her pulse is slightly tachycardic but regular. Her
blood pressure
You respond to a 17-year-old football player who was hit by numerous opponents & while walking off the field became unconscious. He's currently unconscious. You take c-spine control & start your assessment. You know that in the treatment of shock you must
D
In the scene size-up for a patient(s) who you think may be susceptible to shock, you should:
A) ensure scene safety
B) determine the number of patients
C) consider c-spine stabilization
D) all of the above
D
During the primary assessment of a patient in shock you should:
A) treat any immediate life threats
B) obtain a SAMPLE history
C) get a complete set of vital signs
D) inform medical control of the situation
A
You've completed your primary assessment of an embarrassed patient who fainted after seeing a coworker injure himself. Your next step should be:
A) a rapid secondary assessment
B) to obtain a medical history
C) a detailed physical exam
D) a reassessment
B
Interventions for the treatment of shock should include:
A) giving the patient something to drink
B) maintaining normal body temperature
C) positioning the patient in the Fowler's position for transport
D) delayed transport to splint fractures
B
You're transporting an unstable patient who you feel is going into shock. How often do you recheck his vital signs?
5 minutes