Five phases of operations responsibilities for the EMT include
Preparing for the call - receiving and responding to a call - transferring the patient to the ambulance -transporting the patient to the hospital - terminating the call. (Limmer & O'keefe)
When talking to children and community or school groups you should always refer to 911 as
Nine-one-one" because children cannot find "eleven". (Limmer & O'keefe)
You should receive the exact location of the call from
Emergency Medical Dispatcher. (Limmer & O'keefe)
The EMD receives the call and asks information about the patient that includes
Exact location, call back number, the problem, age and sex, level of consciousness and if patient is breathing. (Limmer & O'keefe)
An emergency vehicle operator must drive with.......for the safety of others
Due regard. (Limmer & O'keefe)
Privileges granted under the law to the operators of ambulances apply when the vehicle
Is responding to an emergency. (Limmer & O'keefe)
The exemptions granted during an emergency to ambulance operators do not provide immunity in cases of.......
Reckless driving. (Limmer & O'keefe )
The privileges granted during emergency situations apply only if the operator uses........in the manner prescribed by law
Warning devices. (Limmer & O'keefe )
When driving an ambulance during an emergency you are allowed to exceed the speed limit as long as....
Life and property are not endangered. (Limmer & O'keefe )
Passing other vehicles in no passing zones during an emergency does not include passing .................when red lights are blinking
A school bus. (Limmer & O'keefe)
If you become involved in an ambulance collision the laws will be interpreted by the court based upon two key issues:
1 )used due regard for others 2) was it a true emergency. (Limmer & O'keefe)
Studies show that other drivers do not see or hear an ambulance until it is within
50 to 100 feet. (Limmer & O'keefe )
The most misused warning device
The siren. (Limmer & O'keefe)
The sound of the siren may cause a patient's condition to....
Worsen due to anxiety. (Limmer & O'keefe)
Inexperienced ambulance operators tend to increase their driving speeds
when continuously sounding the siren. (Limmer & O'keefe)
Be prepared for erratic behavior of other drivers. Some drivers ----------when they hear a siren
Panic . (Limmer & O'keefe )
Alternating flashing headlights should be used only if
They are attached to secondary head lamps. . (Limmer & O'keefe)
The large lights on the outermost corners of the box should blink in tandem, or unison, rather than wigwagging or alternating. This helps other vehicles to identify the........
Full size of the vehicle. (Limmer & O'keefe)
Four-way flashers and directional signals should not be used as
Emergency lights. (Limmer & O'keefe)
When you drive an ambulance remember that Excessive speed increases the probability of a collision and ...
Speed increases stopping distance. (Limmer & O'keefe)
Be sure that the ambulance driver and all passengers wear...........whenever the ambulance is in motion
Seat belts. (Limmer & O'keefe)
Most EMS systems recommend the use of escorts only
When the operator is not familiar with the location of the patient. (Limmer & O'keefe)
Great care must be used at ---------especially during multiple-vehicle responses
Intersections. (Limmer & O'keefe)
The typical collision happens on a --------------- (60%) with --------weather (55%) during ----------------hours (67 %) in an -------------------(72 %)
Dry road with clear weather during daylight hours in an intersection. (Limmer & O'keefe )
Weekends or weekdays, Usually ----- have the heaviest traffic
Weekdays. (Limmer & O'keefe )
Drivers have to remember that bridges -----------during cold weather
Freeze before roadways. (Limmer & O'keefe)
Most systems require you to ----------------at intersections when driving an emergency
Come to a complete stop. (Limmer & O'keefe)
If you are not the primary or first-arriving unit, you should park or stage your unit
Off the highway near the on ramp. (Limmer & O'keefe )
If you are the first unit on -scene park the ambulance
upstream" from the incident. (Limmer & O'keefe)
Ideally the ambulances should be parked ---------------
Downstream" in a safe loading area. (Limmer & O'keefe)
If your are the first unit on the scene, you should conduct a ----------------- then --------------------------an arrival report
Scene size up and transmit an arrival report. (Limmer & O'keefe)
At highway incidents you should wear ---------------------------
An ANSI Class 2 safety vest and a helmet. (Limmer & O'keefe)
If extrication is required you should
Wear turnout gear. (Limmer & O'keefe)
If backing up is necessary use a ------------------to guide the process
Spotter. (Limmer & O'keefe)
Transfer to the ambulance is accomplished in four steps, regardless of the complexity of the operation
1-select proper patient-carrying device 2 package the patient to transfer 3-move the patient to the ambulance 4- load the patient into the ambulance . (Limmer & O'keefe)
The most commonly used device to transfer the patient to the ambulance is...
The wheeled ambulance stretcher . (Limmer & O'keefe)
A patient carrying device should have a minimum of --------straps for securely holding the patient
Three. (Limmer & O'keefe)
When traveling in an ambulance you should ----------wearing a------
Remain seated, wearing a seat belt. (Limmer & O'keefe)
A patient with breathing difficulty and no possibility of spinal injury may be more comfortable being transported in
A sitting position. (Limmer & O'keefe)
If the patient is likely to develop cardiac arrest during transport, position a -------------underneath the mattress
Short spine board or CPR board. (Limmer & O'keefe)
If a relative or friend wants to ride with the patient and your protocol allows, first encourage him to use alternative way of transportation, if unable, then let him ride in ----------------------
The operator's compartment. (Limmer & O'keefe)
If un uninjured child most come along in the ambulance bring
The car seat and use it. (Limmer & O'keefe)
While en route to the hospital you should ..................with a patient report
Notify the hospital by radio. (Limmer & O'keefe)
Unless you transfer care of your patient directly to a member of the hospital staff, you may be open to a charge of
Abandonment. (Limmer & O'keefe)
During your verbal report you should include...
Any changes in the patient's condition. (Limmer & O'keefe)
As soon as you are free from patient care you should....
Prepare a patient care report. (Limmer & O'keefe)
You or your partner should begin making the ambulance ready for another call while you are still at
The hospital. (Limmer & O'keefe)
Place disposable towels used to clean up blood or body fluids in ---
Red bag. (Limmer & O'keefe)
Nondisposable equipment should be
Cleaned and disinfected. (Limmer & O'keefe)
Blood on the ambulance cot should be cleaned using a
1:100 bleach/water solution. (Limmer & O'keefe)
Place contaminated linens in a ...............
Biohazard container. (Limmer & O'keefe)
To clean and kill germs on ambulance floors and walls use
A low-level disinfectant approved by the U.S. Environmental Protection )
To clean and kill germs on equipment surfaces you may use a....
Intermediate level disinfectant, such as mixture 1:100 bleach-to-water. (Limmer & O'keefe)
To destroy all forms of microbial life except high number of bacterial spores use
A high-level disinfectant, such as Cidex Plus. (Limmer & O'keefe)
To destroy all possible sources of infection on equipment that will be used in an invasive way, you should use
Sterilization method. (Limmer & O'keefe)
Air rescue may be required for any of the following operational reasons:
To speed transport to a distant trauma center 2)when extrication of a high priority patient is prolonged 3)from a remote location that can only be reached by helicopter. (Limmer & O'keefe)
Air rescue may be required for any of the following medical reasons
High priority for rapid transport. (Limmer & O'keefe)
Patients with certain medical conditions may also be flown by helicopter, some examples include...
Cardiac requiring catheterization or surgery, stroke pt, pt requiring hyperbaric oxygen treatment. (Limmer & O'keefe)
Cardiac arrest patients are usually ---------------unless they are hypothermic
Not transported by air rescue. (Limmer & O'keefe)
A helicopter requires a landing zone, of LZ approximately ------------feet on ground that has a slope of less than 8 degrees.
100 by 100 feet (30 large steps on each side)
The landing zone should be marked with -------------in an upwind position.
One flare. (Limmer & O'keefe )
When loading a helicopter do not approach unless escorted by ----------.
Flight personnel. (Limmer & O'keefe)
You should stay clear of the ----------------at all times.
Tail rotor. (Limmer & O'keefe )
Keep all traffic and vehicles -----------distance from the helicopter
100 feet or more. (Limmer & O'keefe)
Do not smoke within -----feet of the aircraft
200 feet. (Limmer & O'keefe)
Always approach a helicopter in ------------when the rotor is moving
A crouch. (Limmer & O'keefe)
when a helicopter is parked on a hillside Approach the aircraft form the ----------side
Downhill side. (Limmer & O'keefe)