When performing the secondary assessment, the EMT should find which one of the following injuries first?
Answers:
Bruising to the abdomen
Decreased pulse in the left foot
Unstable pelvis
Deformity to the left thigh
Bruising to the abdomen
A seven-year-old boy choked on a grape at school. By the time the obstruction was removed, assessment revealed him to be in cardiac arrest. When you arrive, teachers are performing CPR. The school nurse informs you that CPR has been in progress for six mi
Place the electrodes on the boy's chest and follow the AED's prompts.
Which one of the following medications should the EMT administer orally?
Answers:
Nitroglycerin
Aspirin
Albuterol
Epinephrine
Aspirin
Why is defibrillation in the first few minutes of cardiac arrest so critical?
Answers:
Research has shown that a heart in cardiac arrest will continue to pump blood for a few minutes before cardiac output drops to zero.
In the first few minutes of cardiac
If cardiac arrest is not treated within the first few minutes, ventricular fibrillation will convert to asystole, a non-shockable heart rhythm.
An EMT has just received a "Shock Advised" message from the AED. Just before delivering the shock, the EMT must:
Answers:
remove the oral airway to prevent possible choking.
ensure that all rescuers are clear of the patient.
press the analyze button once
remove the oral airway to prevent possible choking.
The EMT should recognize which one of the following patients as breathing at a normal rate?
Answers:
6-month-old infant breathing 44 times per minute
44-year-old male breathing 8 times per minute
8-year-old male breathing 26 times per minute
22-year-old f
6-month-old infant breathing 44 times per minute
You are treating a patient with severe chest pain and believe she is in cardiogenic shock. As such, which one of the following is most beneficial?
Answers:
Application of the AED
Rapid transport with the patient supine
High-flow oxygen
Administration of n
High-flow oxygen
When should the EMT conduct an evaluation of the scene for hazards that can threaten or harm him?
Answers:
Prior to leaving the ambulance
Throughout the entire call
After completing the primary assessment
Before responding to the call
Prior to leaving the ambulance
An Emergency Medical Responder informs you that he was assisting EMS with a cardiac arrest last week. He also states that the patient had been in cardiac arrest for eight minutes and questions why CPR was performed first, even though the AED was right the
Compressions administered prior to defibrillation help ensure that the heart is perfused with blood, increasing the chance of successful defibrillation.
You have been dispatched to a residence for a male patient with a cardiac history who is complaining of chest pain. On scene you find a 52-year-old male patient sitting in a chair. He is alert and oriented and states that his chest pain feels like the las
Apply the AED to the patient but do not turn it on.
After assisting a patient with her EpiPen, she states that it is much easier for her to breathe. However, her heart rate has increased from 92 to 118 beats per minute. In relation to the epinephrine, the EMT recognizes the increased heart rate as a(n):
An
Side effect
As you approach a patient, you observe dark blood on his shirt. He appears confused, pale, and diaphoretic. Which one of the following should you do first?
Answers:
Apply oxygen.
Cut his pants.
Assess his airway.
Treat for shock.
Apply oxygen.
Which one of the following standard precautions must the EMT take on every call?
Answers:
Goggles and gown
Gloves
Gloves, gown, and goggles
Gloves and face shield
Gloves and face shield
After receiving a "No Shock Advised" message from the AED, it is determined that the patient has a weak pulse and slow and shallow respirations. Which one of the following should you do immediately?
Answers:
Provide two minutes of CPR.
Obtain a blood pres
Transfer to the stretcher for transport.
Which one of the following capillary refill times is considered normal for a five-year-old child?
Answers:
3 seconds
4 seconds
2 seconds
6 seconds
3 seconds
A driver was ejected from his vehicle in a rollover-type collision. Assessment findings include unresponsiveness and bruising to the abdominal and pelvic areas along with an open femur fracture. The patient has an open airway and is breathing at 32 times
Assist respirations.
During scene size-up, which one of the following pieces of information must the EMT identify?
Answers:
Need for additional personnel
Status of the airway and breathing
Best route to get to the call
Patient's level of consciousness
Need for additional personnel
A 67-year-old male patient is experiencing chest pain. His home is located in an extremely "bad" neighborhood. There are vacant homes throughout, including the two homes to either side of the patient's residence. Additionally, parked cars have forced you
Stand in front of the door while knocking to make your presence known
The patient's family states that their 16-year-old daughter has a history of asthma and has been complaining of shortness of breath for the past two days. She has been taking her metered-dose inhaler with some relief, but today they found her lethargic an
position her on her side
What is the most common potential hazard an EMT faces on scene?
Answers:
Confused patients
Violent crowds
Angry family members
Blood and body fluids
Confused patients
While cleaning a gun, a 44-year-old patient accidentally shot himself in the abdomen. On arrival, you observe the patient on the floor lying on his side with his legs drawn to his chest. Blood is evident on his shirt and pants. Which one of the following
Perform the primary assessment, administer high-flow oxygen, perform a rapid secondary assessment, transfer to the stretcher, rapid transport
If a scene becomes unsafe after you have entered, you should first:
Answers:
notify the EMS supervisor and medical director.
call for assistance on the radio.
remove yourself and your crew from the scene.
attempt to neutralize the threat.
attempt to neutralize the threat.
To assess a patient in the field setting, in what order would the EMT perform this task?
Answers:
Primary assessment; reassessment, secondary assessment
Scene size-up, secondary assessment, primary assessment
Scene size-up, primary assessment, secondary a
Scene size-up, primary assessment, secondary assessment
The EMT should consider aspirin for the patient with which one of the following conditions?
Answers:
Fever
Shortness of breath
Headache
Chest discomfort
Headache
Which one of the following patients should the EMT identify as having the best breathing?
Answers:
61-year-old female breathing at a rate of 8 breaths per minute
67-year-old female breathing 26 times per minute with good chest rise and fall
34-year-old ma
34-year-old male who is alert and oriented with good chest rise and fall
When would an EMT enter the scene of a crime to provide care to the patient?
Answers:
When the EMS supervisor arrives on scene
When all hazards have been addressed
When the dispatcher informs the crew to enter
When the police leave the scene
When the police leave the scene
You are transporting a 57-year-old male who went into cardiac arrest at home. After two shocks and CPR, he regained a pulse, but remains unresponsive and in respiratory arrest. During transport, your reassessment reveals the absence of a carotid pulse. Wh
Turn the AED on and analyze the heart rhythm.
You are by the side of an alert and oriented 56-year-old male patient complaining of a pounding headache and generalized weakness. His pulse rate is 104, respirations are 18, and blood pressure is 218/110 mmHg. He has a history of high blood pressure for
Administer sublingual nitroglycerin.
Dispatch has sent you to the scene of a fight at a local sporting event. Since the EMS system is busy and there are very few ambulances available, dispatch has instructed you to call for additional ambulances after arrival on scene. On scene you find that
Following triage of the patients
For the scene of a motor-vehicle collision involving two vehicles, which one of the following actions would be most appropriate in regards to rescuer and patient safety?
Answers:
Treat the patients between the vehicles so all rescuers can see each other.
Remove reflective clothing to avoid distracting passing vehicles.
What is the purpose of assessing the pulse on an unresponsive patient during the primary assessment?
Answers:
Calculate the precise heart rate.
Determine the presence of a heartbeat.
Establish if the patient requires oxygen.
Decide if the breathing is ade
Determine the presence of a heartbeat.
While you are performing a secondary assessment, your trauma patient complains of the sudden onset of difficulty breathing. Which of the following is your most appropriate response?
Answers:
Reassess the patient, beginning with the head.
Reevaluate the me
Stop your exam and provide appropriate care.
A 31-year-old male breathing at a rate of six times per minute can best be described as:
Answers:
bradycardic.
bradypneic.
tachypneic.
hyperventilating.
bradypneic
As a certified EMT, you may assist the patient in taking which one of the following prescribed medications?
Answers:
Drugs for heart-rhythm disorders
Blood-pressure-control medications
Seizure-control medications
Inhalers for difficulty breathing
Inhalers for difficulty breathing
A 62-year-old female was struck by a car traveling approximately 45 miles per hour. After being struck, she was thrown 15 feet onto the sidewalk, impacting the pavement with her head and chest. The primary assessment has been completed and life threats ad
Obtain a full set of vital signs including a pulse oximeter reading.
After you apply the AED to a cardiac arrest patient, it delivered a shock. Immediately after the shock, the EMT should do which one of the following?
Answers:
Check the patient for a pulse and start CPR if no pulse can be located.
Check the patient for a
Check the patient for a pulse and reanalyze the rhythm if no pulse is present.
Which of the following is one of the basic five rights of medication administration?
Answers:
Right allergies
Right EMT
Right physician
Right dose
Right dose
An intoxicated patient is complaining of a severe headache and a large bruise to the left side of his face after accidentally being struck with a baseball bat. In this situation, being struck with the baseball bat is called the:
Answers:
chief complaint.
mechanism of injury.
Which medications are included in the EMT's scope of practice?
Answers:
Valium, Motrin, and 50% dextrose (D50)
Lidocaine, Narcan, and atropine
Metered-dose inhalers, nitroglycerin, and aspirin
Activated charcoal, oral glucose, and oxygen
Metered-dose inhalers, nitroglycerin, and aspirin
Trends in a patient's condition are best noted during what phase of patient assessment?
Answers:
Primary assessment
Secondary assessment
Reassessment
General impression
Secondary assessment
The "S" in SAMPLE stands for:
Answers:
Severity
Story
Suggestions
Sign
Severity
A confused and anxious patient fell 20 feet from a ladder. Which one of the following signs would suggest that the patient is in shock?
Answers:
Constricted pupils
Deformity to the left arm
Contusion to his head
Heart rate of 110
Constricted pupils
You are transporting a patient in cardiac arrest. The AED is being used and a shock has been advised. Prior to administering the shock, what should you do?
Answers:
Withhold all shocks because metal will conduct the shock into the ambulance.
Move the pati
Ensure that no rescuer is touching the stretcher.
Which one of the following is a generic drug name?
Answers:
Atrovent
Acetylsalicylic acid
Aspirin
Bayer
Atrovent
Atrovent, if prescribed to the patient, is indicated for which one of the following conditions?
Answers:
Chest discomfort
Headache
Nausea or vomiting
Difficulty breathing
Difficulty breathing
Of the following, which one best illustrates how the EMT should document the administration of a medication?
Answers:
Assist patient with administration of medication via metered-dose inhaler
Medical direction (Dr. Cole) ordered albuterol at 1245
0.4 of n
Assist patient with administration of medication via metered-dose inhaler
A "No Shock Advised" message is provided by the AED. The EMT understands that this could mean:
Answers:
CPR is no longer needed.
the patient has regained a pulse.
the electrodes may be loose.
the patient is in ventricular fibrillation.
the patient is in ventricular fibrillation.
A patient has fallen through a large plate glass window. As you approach, you note the patient to be sitting up holding his hand over a large laceration that is spurting bright red blood. Which one of the following should you do immediately?
Answers:
Appl
Determine the presence and rate of the pulse.
Which one of the following about breathing rates must the EMT remember when assessing the respirations of a pediatric patient?
Answers:
It is typically slower than that of an adult.
It is not significant in the assessment.
It is usually faster than that o
It is not significant in the assessment.
The EMT is using the OPQRST mnemonic to gather information from a patient with abdominal pain. Which one of the following patient statements is a response to the letter "P" in this memory aid?
Answers:
"I have a past history of asthma."
"My pulse feels as
It hurts worse when I take a deep breath.
You have arrived on the scene of a 64-year-old diabetic patient. He is supine in bed and exhibits snoring respirations. Family members state that they just tested his blood sugar and it is 25 mg/dl. Which one of the following should be your immediate acti
Perform the head tilt-chin lift.
A patient complaining of shortness of breath has called 911. Her history includes chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). When assessing the patient, which one of the following causes you to immediately prepare the patient for transport?
Answers:
He
Pulsating mass in the abdomen
What is the most severe form of an allergic reaction called?
Answers:
Rhinorrhea
Vascular shock
Anaphylaxis
Antigen response
Anaphylaxis
Auscultation of breath sounds in a patient complaining of shortness of breath reveals wheezing. Which one of the following conditions is responsible for this finding?
Answers:
Mucus in the lungs
Swelling in the throat
Significant hypoxia
Bronchiole constr
Bronchiole constriction
Which one of the following patient medications is most consistent with a history of seizures?
Answers:
Xopenex
Depakote
Celexa
Prozac
Depakote
A patient who is unresponsive has a blood glucose level of 28. Her family states that she took her insulin in the morning three hours ago. Which one of the following statements made by the family would make sense in regards to the patient's current blood
She did not eat after taking her insulin.
You have arrived by the side of a patient who is allergic to latex and was exposed to it when she spilled a latex-containing powder on her right hand. Assessment reveals her to be lethargic and panicked, and able to speak a few words with each breath. Her
Provide positive pressure ventilation.
You have been called for a 47-year-old female who has "passed out." As you enter the patient's apartment, you find her supine on the living room floor with a cool wash cloth on her forehead. She states that she was standing and talking on the telephone wh
Assess and obtain vital signs while she is supine.
A 911 call was placed for a three-year-old child with difficulty breathing. On scene you note that the child is upright with slight stridor upon inspiration. He is alert and breathing at a rate of 30 breaths per minute. His skin is warm and dry, and his r
Foreign body airway obstruction
You have been called to a kindergarten class for a five-year-old boy who is allergic to peanuts. He ate some in the form of a birthday treat brought to school by a classmate who is celebrating a birthday. From the door of the classroom, you note the patie
Inspect the inside of his mouth.
What is the most common cause of an allergic reaction?
Answers:
Bee stings
Medications
Pollen
Food
Medications
What should an EMT do to assist a patient in taking his epinephrine auto-injector?
Answers:
Pinch the skin on the lateral thigh, press the injector against the skin, and rapidly push the plunger to inject the medication.
Place the injector against the del
Press the injector onto the lateral thigh, and wait for it to automatically inject.
A football player in full uniform has been stung by a bee. Your assessment reveals him to be confused. He also has stridorous respirations and weak radial pulses. His skin is warm and flushed and covered with hives. Vital signs are: pulse 144, respiration
Administer the epinephrine through a padless area of the pants over the side of his thigh.
Which one of the following patient statements strongly suggests syncope?
Answers:
"Once I hit the floor, I was only out for a few seconds."
"I was lying on the bed when I passed out."
"I have had a low-grade fever for the past three days."
"I think that I
Once I hit the floor, I was only out for a few seconds.
For the stroke patient to be eligible for a fibrinolytic, it must be given within:
Answers:
3 hours of the onset of stroke symptoms.
24 hours of the first signs and symptoms started.
6 hours after arrival at the emergency department.
3 hours of EMS arriva
3 hours of the onset of stroke symptoms.
Patients with an altered mental status due to a stroke may not be able to control their own airways due to:
Answers:
swelling of the epiglottis.
oral hemorrhage.
paralyzed throat muscles.
an increase of the gag reflex.
paralyzed throat muscles.
A 36-year-old patient has overdosed on an unknown drug and is unresponsive. He is breathing shallowly at six times per minute. He has cyanosis around his lips and to his fingertips. His skin is cool to the touch, and his radial pulse is rapid. His breath
Hypoxia
A confused postictal patient answers your questions inappropriately. Based on this presentation, the EMT should understand that:
Answers:
the airway is open.
the patient has a seizure history.
the AED should be applied.
another seizure is coming.
the airway is open.
A stroke patient cannot move his left arm or leg. Based on this presentation, the EMT should strongly suspect that the stroke has occurred in what part of the nervous system?
Answers:
Right side of the brain
Left side of the brain
Right and left side of t
Right side of the brain
A patient informs you that he has a history of an abdominal aortic aneurysm. To best assess the status of this condition, you should:
Answers:
palpate the flanks and back.
examine the abdomen for bruising.
auscultate the lower abdominal quadrants.
palpate
palpate the abdomen.
The tricuspid valve prevents blood from:
Answers:
flowing from the right ventricle into the right atrium.
flowing backward through the left atrium.
moving between the right and left ventricles.
bypassing the pulmonary vessels and entering the left heart.
flowing from the right ventricle into the right atrium.
Which one of the following patient statements should make an EMT suspect primary hypertension?
Answers:
"I have to take two blood pressure medications at the same time to get my pressure down."
"The doctor does not know what is causing my blood pressure t
The doctor does not know what is causing my blood pressure to be high.
An alert and oriented 45-year-old female patient is complaining of dyspnea. Although her respiratory volume and rate are satisfactory, you note cyanosis in her fingertips. Which one of the following should be your next action?
Answers:
Administer oxygen v
Administer oxygen via nonrebreather mask at 15 lpm.
You have been called to a residence for a patient with altered mental status. On arrival a neighbor informs you that he saw the patient washing windows several minutes earlier and then suddenly saw him lying on the ground. He continues by stating that the
Take manual in-line spinal stabilization.
Which one of the following statements made by the EMT indicates a correct understanding of the care of a patient suffering from a headache?
Answers:
"Unless the patient has some sort of past medical history, a headache is not a true emergency."
"Assessmen
Assessment is essential in determining if a patient's headache represents a life-threatening condition.
After a lengthy response, you arrive at a home in which a 62-year-old female is still seizing. Which one of the following should you do first?
Answers:
Assess the patient's airway and breathing.
Determine if the patient has a seizure history.
Ascertain th
Assess the patient's airway and breathing.
The EMT shows that he recognizes the benefit of using the Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale and/or Los Angeles Prehospital Stroke Screen when he makes which one of the following statements?
Answers:
"They allow the EMT to differentiate the type of strok
They allow the EMT to identify the patient at risk for stroke.
After blood has entered the right ventricle, it is next moved into the:
Answers:
left ventricle.
left atrium.
aorta.
pulmonary artery
pulmonary artery
A patient is unable to talk. You should document this as:
nswers:
aphasia.
dysarthria.
apnea.
dysplegia.
aphasia.
The EMT is properly using a small volume nebulizer when she:
Answers:
instructs the patient to breathe deeply through his nose.
attaches the nebulizer to oxygen at 8 to 10 lpm.
shakes the medication canister for 30 seconds prior to administration.
places
attaches the nebulizer to oxygen at 8 to 10 lpm.
After you administer oral glucose to a confused and combative patient, she gradually becomes calmer and fully oriented. As a knowledgeable EMT, you would recognize that the patient:
Answers:
now has a decreasing blood-sugar level.
will need a second dose
had a low blood-sugar level.
When assessing a patient for a facial droop, the EMT should:
Answers:
palpate the face one side at a time.
gently lift and then let go of the skin over the cheeks.
ask the patient to show you his teeth or smile.
observe the patient's ability to turn his h
ask the patient to show you his teeth or smile.
What is the function of the heart?
Answers:
Circulates blood
Stores blood
Produces blood
Oxygenates blood
Circulates blood
You have assessed a patient and found a patent airway, adequate breathing, and strong radial pulses. She is having no difficulty speaking and no facial droop, but exhibits a slight left arm drift. The EMT should interpret these findings as:
Answers:
sugge
highly suggestive that a stroke is occurring.
During a scene size-up, which one of the following observations most strongly suggests that the patient suffers from a chronic respiratory disease?
Answers:
Lights turned down in the room
Bottle of aspirin on the table
Tripod positioned by the patient
Fur
Tripod positioned by the patient
The EMT shows she understands a hemorrhagic stroke when she states:
Answers:
"It occurs when clots form in blood vessels in the brain."
"It occurs when a blood vessel ruptures in the brain."
"It can sometimes be treated by clot destroying medications."
"I
It occurs when a blood vessel ruptures in the brain.
Your partner reports that he has found some small areas of bruising to the abdomen of a patient who takes insulin. He is puzzled by the finding. Which one of the following responses would be most appropriate?
Answers:
"That is a significant finding. We sh
There could be several reasons for the bruising, but insulin injections are often administered to the abdomen.
An unresponsive patient presents with a blood sugar of 30 mg/dl. What is the major threat to this patient's well-being?
Answers:
Glucose toxicity
Cardiac compromise
Dehydration
Brain damage
Brain damage
You are treating a patient complaining of altered mental status, shortness of breath, and chest pain. A paramedic has just administered a medication that causes the sympathetic nervous system to increase its influence in the body. Which one of the followi
Increased heart rate
The EMT shows that she understands the danger posed by status epilepticus when she states:
Answers:
"Status epilepticus is an extremely dangerous condition because the patient can go into shock from blood loss."
"If the patient does not have a history of
The longer the seizure continues, the greater the opportunity for permanent brain damage.
For the EMT to achieve the best results when assisting with epinephrine, the medication should be placed into:
Answers:
muscle.
an artery.
skin.
a vein.
muscle.
A four-year-old boy in respiratory distress is sitting upright in bed and drooling. His mother states that he has been complaining of a sore throat throughout the day and tonight became severely short of breath and started drooling. He is alert with adequ
Apply high-flow oxygen via nonrebreather mask.
After assisting a patient with taking her nitroglycerin, she states that she suddenly feels weak, dizzy, and nauseated. Which one of the following should the EMT do next?
Answers:
Check her blood pressure.
Determine her blood glucose level.
Position her i
Check her blood pressure.
You are transporting a patient who has a history of simple partial seizures. During transport he experiences a simple partial seizure involving her right arm. Her pulse is 92, respirations 14 and adequate, blood pressure 168/88 mmHg, and SpO2 at 98%. What
Progression to a generalized seizure
The EMT shows he understands the use of an epinephrine auto-injector for treating a patient with an anaphylactic reaction when he makes which one of the following statements?
Answers:
"The epinephrine auto-injector is used only when a patient is stung by
Epinephrine administered through an auto-injector can be used for all severe allergic reactions, regardless of the cause.
Status epilepticus is best differentiated from a generalized seizure by the:
Answers:
duration of the seizure.
length of the postictal period.
preexisting seizure history.
presence of an aura prior to seizing.
duration of the seizure.
Of the four patients listed below, which one should be categorized as the highest priority for transport?
Answers:
Postictal patient who states that his medications were recently adjusted
Adolescent patient who states that he can recall seizing earlier in
Pregnant female with a history of seizures who is seizing
To which one of the following patients would the EMT administer oral glucose?
Answers:
Confused 44-year-old male with a history of diabetes who is able to swallow
A confused male patient with a blood sugar reading of 96 and history of diabetes
Alert and o
Confused 44-year-old male with a history of diabetes who is able to swallow
Prior to assisting a patient with his epinephrine auto-injector, the EMT must ensure that:
Answers:
on- or off-line medical direction exists.
the patient's heart rate and blood pressure are stable.
the medication is yellow in color.
the patient is improvi
on- or off-line medical direction exists.
You suspect that a patient with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is suffering from right ventricular disease. From your assessment, which one of the following findings reinforces your suspicion?
Answers:
Bounding radial pulse
Edem
Edema to the feet
You have been called to a public bus station for a behavioral emergency. On scene you find a disheveled male patient in his forties sitting up against a wall. He is confused and incontinent. Bystanders state that he suddenly began to stumble around, shout
Generalized seizure
Your patient is a 78-year-old male who was found lying on his bathroom floor. Emergency Medical Responders report that the patient is unresponsive with unequal pupils, and vital signs are as follows: pulse 78, respirations 20 and snoring, blood pressure 2
Ensure an open airway with a jaw-thrust maneuver.
Which one of the following is considered an early sign of inadequate breathing in children?
Answers:
Barrel chest
Nasal flaring
Blue-gray skin
Tremors to the hands
Nasal flaring
In what form is oral glucose is packaged?
Answers:
Sugar granules
Powder
Gel
Liquid
Gel
A glucometer reads 50 mg/dl. Which one of the following terms best describes that result?
Answers:
Low
Average
High
Normal
Low
You have been called for a 32-year-old female with altered mental status. On scene you find the patient lethargic and confused. Although information is sketchy, it appears that she has a history of diabetes as well as renal failure for which she receives
Insulin
The EMT recognizes the cause of heart failure as:
Answers:
fluid accumulation within the lung tissue.
inadequate ejection of blood.
backup of fluid in the lower extremities.
poor gas exchange in the lungs.
inadequate ejection of blood.
When an infant or child starts to become hypoxic, initially her pulse will:
Answers:
increase.
become slow and irregular.
decrease.
remain normal.
increase.
Why would the patient experiencing an allergic reaction tell you that it is easier to breathe following administration of epinephrine?
Answers:
Drying of mucus in the airways
Decreased blood pressure
Increased blood flow to the lungs
Dilation of the bronc
Dilation of the bronchioles
You are called for a male patient with a diving-related injury. On scene the 32-year-old informs you that he thinks he pulled a muscle in his shoulder, which is hurts more as the day goes on. When questioned, he admits to having a headache and blurred vis
I saw a shark and came up as fast as I could.
When obtaining a history of a five-year-old boy with generalized hypothermia, which one of the following questions should be asked first?
Answers:
"How long was he out in the cold?"
"Are all of his childhood shots up to date?"
"Why was he outside without
How long was he out in the cold?
The EMT would recognize that the pain associated with a kidney stone is caused by:
Pushing the kidney stone out of the urethra
The EMT would recognize that the pain associated with a kidney stone is caused by:
Answers:
passage of the stone through the ureter.
inability to empty the bladder of urine.
formation of the stone in the kidney.
infection of the bladder and ureter.
passage of the stone through the ureter.
What is your first priority in managing a patient with a behavioral emergency?
Answers:
Ensuring the safety of you and your partner
Providing high-concentration oxygen
Determining if the patient is a threat to him- or herself
Assessing and managing the pa
Ensuring the safety of you and your partner
Medical direction has ordered you to begin rewarming an unresponsive patient with a core temperature of 93�F. Which one of the following measures would best benefit this patient?
Answers:
Gently massage the patient's arms and legs.
Give him warm fluids to
Wrap the patient in several warm blankets.
Which statement by the EMT indicates proper application of the term drowning?
Answers:
"A drowning occurs any time a person is submerged in water and subsequently dies as a result."
"A drowning occurs any time a person is submerged in a liquid and dies, b
A drowning occurs any time a person is submerged in a liquid and suffers some sort of respiratory impairment.
The EMT should recognize which one of the following patients as suffering from generalized hypothermia?
Answers:
87-year-old alcoholic with hand pain and numbness after sweeping snow without gloves
34-year-old male whose fingers and toes are blue from exp
21-year-old female who was trapped in cold water for 10 minutes before being rescued
You have been called for a young female who overdosed on several drugs. Which of the following is it most essential that the EMT perform while caring for this patient?
Answers:
Determine if she has a history of drug abuse.
Identify and correct loss of vit
Identify and correct loss of vital function.
A 31-year-old groundskeeper has been stung by wasps three times in his right arm and left ankle. After performing the primary and secondary assessments, what should you do next?
Answers:
Place a constricting band above the sting sites.
Wash the sting site
Attempt removal of any embedded stingers.
The EMT would recognize which of the following as true regarding poisoning?
Answers:
A poison is any substance that impairs a person's health by its chemical action.
All toxins are poisonous when in contact with the human body.
The number one cause of poi
A poison is any substance that impairs a person's health by its chemical action.
Which of the following assessment findings would increase the EMT's suspicion of a gastrointestinal bleed?
Answers:
Sharp left lower quadrant pain
Sudden onset of constipation
Black semi-formed stool
Watery and foul-smelling diarrhea
Black semi-formed stool
You have been called to a residence for a complaint of chest pain. On scene you are met by the patient's husband who informs you that his wife suffers from anxiety attacks and that she received bad news tonight concerning her mother. This increased her an
apply oxygen.
Which patient has the best chance for an optimal outcome after drowning?
Answers:
17-year-old female submerged for fewer than 10 minutes in warm salt water
47-year-old male submerged for 8 minutes in a heated swimming pool
34-year-old female submerged for
34-year-old female submerged for 9 minutes in 39�F water
The EMT has an accurate understanding of the solid organs contained within the abdomen when she states:
Answers:
"Solid organs are very vascular and may bleed excessively if injured."
"Solid organs describe structures in the abdomen that breakdown and abs
Solid organs are very vascular and may bleed excessively if injured.
You have been called to a hotel swimming pool for a confused adult male. Patrons state that the man has been drinking most of the afternoon and has been in and out of the pool. The man is very confused and noncompliant with your requests. His airway is op
Take in-line spinal stabilization and apply a cervical collar.
At an in-service, your medical director asks if anyone can tell her the cause of heat cramps. What response would be most appropriate?
Answers:
"They are caused when the patient's electrolytes such as salt and calcium are lost and become too low in the bo
They are caused when the patient's electrolytes such as salt and calcium are lost and become too low in the body.
A patient is in cardiac arrest after being submerged in a pond for 15 minutes. You note that his abdomen is greatly distended and it is very difficult to ventilate him. Which one of the following should you do next?
Answers:
Place the patient on his side
Place the patient on his side and firmly press on the abdomen.
A 14-year-old female has taken an excessive amount of Tylenol with codeine. Family states that they were asleep when they heard a crash and found her at the bottom of the stairs. When they asked her if she was okay, she told them that her boyfriend broke
take manual in-line spinal stabilization.
A 44-year-old male was using an industrial drain cleaning solvent to clean the drains in his house. The solvent ate through the pipes on the second floor, spilling into the walls and filling the house with fumes. He was in the house for several minutes pr
Administer oxygen through a nonrebreather mask
After restraining a patient on the stretcher, what action is it essential that the EMT perform first?
Answers:
Obtain a set of vital signs, excluding temperature.
Check the extremities for pulses and motor ability.
Check the tightness of the chest strap.
Check the tightness of the chest strap.
You are called to a long-term care facility for a patient with abdominal pain. On location, you find an 81-year-old female who staff said complained of abdominal pain and then began to vomit several times. The patient has advanced dementia and is confused
Risk for vomiting
After successfully rewarming a foot and frozen toes, the EMT should:
Answers:
cover the foot and toes with dry, sterile dressings.
ambulate the patient to ensure return of adequate motor function.
gently massage the foot and toes.
place the foot below the
cover the foot and toes with dry, sterile dressings.
Which one of the following signs or symptoms best indicates that the patient with cold skin is suffering from generalized hypothermia?
Answers:
Pulse oximetry reading of 95%
Blood pressure of 108/60 mmHg
Heart rate of 52 beats per minute
Respirations of 2
Heart rate of 52 beats per minute
You are on the scene of a male patient who threatened to take pills to end his life. In talking with the patient, he informs you that he just got a new job that requires more of his time and his wife has been giving him a hard time about it. Tonight, he h
Unsuccessful attempt three years ago
The EMT knows that the abdomen is located:
Answers:
from the mid-chest to the umbilicus.
between the diaphragm and top of the pelvis.
between the nipple line and coccyx of the spine.
from the bottom of the rib cage to the pelvis.
between the diaphragm and top of the pelvis.
You are assessing a young child who was briefly submerged after falling approximately 20 feet from an observation platform into the shallow portion of a lake. Family members jumped into the lake immediately and pulled the girl to safety. She is confused a
Suction, using a rigid tip catheter.
Which one of the following patients is the EMT justified in restraining?
Answers:
Patient threatening to kill his wife and trying to leave the scene
Patient with violent outbursts but at the present time is calm
Patient with depression refusing transport
Patient threatening to kill his wife and trying to leave the scene
You have been put in charge of creating a protocol that will direct care provided by EMS. In regards to a drowning patient who is severely hypothermic and in cardiac arrest, what would you propose?
Answers:
Administer the usual care provided to any other
Apply the AED and shock only once if indicated
According to family, a 24-year-old female suddenly began to act in a hostile manner. After assessing her, you determine that she cannot remember her name or present location and is drooling. Based on these findings, you should suspect a:
Answers:
behavior
behavioral emergency resulting from a physical condition.
A confused female patient states that she was intoxicated and was given a glass of household bleach to drink, which she did. When transporting this patient, which of the following complications would you continually assess for?
Answers:
Vomiting
Headache
Vomiting
A 44-year-old female was hiking in a state park when she was bitten by a snake in her left calf. To get help, she had to hike four miles to the first-aid station where you are located. The hike took her one and a half hours. Your assessment reveals a red
You need to get checked out, but if venom was injected, the signs and symptoms of a generalized reaction typically appear very quickly.
The EMT has an accurate understanding of acute abdominal pain when he states:
Answers:
"Abdominal pain is more of an emergency when the patient has a medical history related to the abdominal organs."
"Sometimes the cause of abdominal pain will be obvious,
Sometimes the cause of abdominal pain will be obvious, but most often the cause will not be that apparent.
You are transporting a restrained 23-year-old female with a past history of sexual abuse and multiple behavioral problems. She is very upset with being restrained as well as going to the hospital. She informs you that she will take you to court for your a
Thoroughly document everything that happens on the call.
You have completed the initial assessment on a 62-year-old male complaining of the sudden onset of epigastric pain. His airway is patent, his breathing is fast but adequate, and his radial pulse is weak and thready. His pulse rate is 124 beats per minute
apply oxygen at 15 lpm via a nonrebreather mask.
A patient who is agitated and hyperactive with dilated pupils and tachypnea has most likely ingested:
nswers:
hallucinogens.
methadone.
crack cocaine.
heroin.
crack cocaine.
A patient who has ingested a toxic substance is to receive activated charcoal. The EMT knows that the charcoal will benefit the patient by:
Answers:
neutralizing the poison in the blood stream.
adsorbing the poisonous substance in the stomach.
coating the
adsorbing the poisonous substance in the stomach.
A diver has summoned 911 because after coming to the surface, he feels short of breath and "itchy" all over. Additionally he complains of a headache. Assessment reveals a patent airway, adequate breathing, clear breath sounds, and the following vital sign
High-concentration oxygen through a nonrebreather face mask
You have had to restrain a patient who is being involuntarily committed to a psychiatric institution. During the restraint process, the patient vomited. How should you position him on the stretcher?
Answers:
Prone with head turned to side
Supine in a semi
Left lateral recumbent
You are by the side of a young male patient with a history of behavioral problems. Friends called 911 after the patient experienced several violent outbursts this evening. Which one of the following findings would cause the EMT to suspect a physical cause
Dilated pupils that are sluggish to react
The EMT understands that the most common cause of urinary tract infections is:
Answers:
bacterial invasion.
frequent urination.
overuse of antibiotics.
poor handwashing.
bacterial invasion.
Which one of the following statements about drowning is true?
nswers:
Actual drownings are responsible for only a small number of water-related deaths.
Fences around swimming pools are the most effective means of preventing a child from drowning.
Personal
Actual drownings are responsible for only a small number of water-related deaths.
Which one of the following patient descriptions would the EMT classify as a behavioral emergency?
Answers:
44-year-old female with bipolar disorder complaining of a fever of 102.5�F
29-year-old male with diabetes who is suddenly confused
36-year-old male
36-year-old male with no known history who is hearing voices
You have been called to a park for a teenage boy who is "sick." On scene you find a 16-year-old male who knows his name but is confused about place and time. Friends state that they have been playing basketball most of the morning and afternoon. The tempe
Place him supine on the stretcher with feet elevated.
The EMT accurately understands alcoholism when he states:
Answers:
"Alcohol is classified as a drug on which the addict becomes psychologically dependent, not physically dependent."
"The diagnosis of alcoholism is applied to a person who drinks hard liquo
Aside from the excessive amounts of alcohol, much of the health deterioration that accompanies alcoholism comes from malnutrition.
A teenage female has been removed from a pool. Your assessment reveals her to be responsive to painful stimuli with decorticate posturing. Her airway has water in it and she appears to be vomiting water. Breathing is agonal at eight breaths per minute. He
Suction water from the airway.
The Poison Control Center has advised that you administer milk to a patient who has overdosed on a medication. Given this information you would:
Answers:
contact ALS backup.
contact medical command.
administer the milk as ordered.
transport immediately
contact medical command.
A drug addict informs you that he has been taking Oxycontin and now requires more and more of the drug to take his chronic back pain away. The EMT would recognize this patient as experiencing:
Answers:
overdose.
dependence.
adverse reaction.
tolerance.
tolerance.
You have been called by a family for their mother, who is "not acting right." On scene you find the 69-year-old woman to be confused and seemingly slow in talking. Her airway is open and respirations are 12 per minute. Her pulse is 58 beats per minute and
Mom suffers from a low thyroid.
The spleen of a patient has ruptured. Because it is a solid organ, the EMT recognizes that the primary threat to life is:
Answers:
inflammation.
blood loss.
pain.
infection
blood loss.
The pancreas would best be described as a(n) ________ organ.
Answers:
solid
fluid-filled
hollow
absorption
solid