12-20
adult breathing rate in breaths/min
15-30
child breathing rate in breaths/min
25-50
infant breathing rate in breaths/min
16
percentage of oxygen delivered during mouth-to mouth without supplemental oxygen
50
percentage of oxygen delivered during mouth-to-mask with supplemental oxygen
50
percentage of oxygen delivered via a bag-valve mask without supplemental oxygen
100
percentage of oxygen delivered via a bag-valve mask with supplemental oxygen
100
percentage of oxygen delivered via a FROPVD
40
rate at which oxygen flows out of a FROPVD, in Lpm
60
the amount of pressure in a FROPVD, in cm
2000
pressure oxygen is kept at in a cylinder, in psi
200
residual pressure in an oxygen cylinder, in psi; should change oxygen cylinder at this pressure
350
L in a D oxygen cylinder
625
L in an E oxygen cylinder
3000
L in an M oxygen cylinder
12-15
rate at which oxygen should be delivered via a nonrebreather mask, in Lpm
2-6
rate at which oxygen should be delivered via a nasul cannula, in Lpm
80-90
percentage of oxygen delivered via a nonrebreather mask
23-44
percentage of oxygen delivered via a nasal cannula
5
how often a breath should be administered to an adult, in s
3
how often a breath should be administered to a child or infant, in s
Respiration
breathing
Respiratory distress
increased work of breathing; a sensation of shortness of breath
Respiratory failure
the reduction of breathing to the point where oxygen intake is not sufficient to support life
Respiratory arrest
when breathing completely stops
Minute volume
the amount of air breathed in during each respiration multiplied by the number of breaths per minute
Dead space
areas of the lungs outside the alveoli where gas exchange with the blood does not take place
Cyanosis
a blue or gray color resulting from lack of oxygen in the body
Airway
the passageway by which air enters or leaves the body; structures are the nose, mouth, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs
Patent airway
an airway that is open and clear and will remain open and clear without interference to the passage of air into and out of the body
Head-tilt, chin-lift manuever
a means of correcting blockage of the airway by the tongue by tilting in the head back and lifting the chin; used when no trauma is suspected
Jaw-thrust maneuver
a means of correcting blockage of the airway by moving the jaw forward without tilting the head or neck; used when trauma is suspected to open the airway without causing further injury to the spinal cord in the neck
Ventilation
the breathing in of air or oxygen or providing breaths artificially
Artificial ventilation
positive pressure ventilation; forcing air or oxygen into the lungs when a patient has stopped breathing or has inadequate breathing
Pocket face mask
a device, usually with a 1-way valve, to aid in artifical ventilation; can be used with supplemental oxygen when fitted with an oxygen inlet
Bag-valve mask
a handheld devisce with a face mask and self-refilling bag that can be squeezed to provide artificial ventilations to a patient; can deliver air from the atmosphere or oxygen from a supplemental oxygen supply system
Stoma
a permanent surgical opening in the neck through which the patient breathes
FROPVD
flow-restricted, oxygen-powered ventilation device; a device that uses oxygen under pressure to deliver artificial ventilations; has automatic flow restriction to prevent overdelivery of oxygen to patient
Automatic transport ventilatior
a device that provides positive pressure ventilations; includes settings designed to adjust ventilation rate and volume, is portable, and is easily carried on an ambulence
Oropharyngeal airway
a curved device inserted through the patient's mouth into the pharynx to help maintain an open airway
Nasopharyngeal airway
a flexible breathing tube inserted through the patient's nose into the pharynx to help maintain an open airway
Gag reflex
vomiting or retching that results when something is placed the back of the pharynx; tied to the swallow reflex
Suctioning
use of a vacuum device to remove blood, vomitus, and other secretions or foreign materials from the airway
Hypoxia
an insufficiency of oxygen in the body's tissues
Oxygen cylinder
a cylinder filled with oxygen under pressure
Pressure regulator
a device connected to an oxygen cylinder to reduce cylinder pressure to a safe amount for delivery of oxygen to the patient
Flowmeter
a valve that indicates the flow of oxygen in liters per minute
Humidifer
a device connected to the flowmeter to add moisture to the dry oxygen from an oxygen cylinder
Nonrebreather mask
a face mask and reservoir bag device that delivers high concentrations of oxygen; patient's exhaled air escapes through a valve and is not rebreathed
Nasal cannula
a device that delivers low concentrations of oxygen through prongs that rest in the patient's nostrils
Venturi mask
a face mask and reservoir bag that delivers specific concentrations of oxygen by mixing oxygen with inhaled air