EMT EXAM 2

What is the structure that carries air downward from the larynx to the lungs?

Trachea

When can the oropharyngeal airways not be used?

Gag reflex present

What is will not be caused by vigorous suctioning the back of the patients throat ?

convulsions

What is the oxygen flow rate when ventilating with a BVM ?

15 LPM with oxygen reservoir

What percentage of oxygen in the atmosphere?

21% at al altitudes

What should the oxygen flow be at when using a non rebreather mask ?

10-15 LPM

What is an advantage of an Yankaeur over a "french" catheter ?

better at removing large particulate matter

What is the best method for opening the airway if a 24 year old female patient has fallen from the roof of her house ?

convulsions

What is the rate of ventilation when ventilating a patient with a BVM ?

10-12 BPM

What is the best method of ventilation to ventilate the patient ?

mouth to mask

What is an an insufficiency of oxygen to the body's tissues?

hypoxemia

How much volume should you deliver with each breath when ventilating with a BVM?

enough to see chest rise

What is the correct sequence of passage of oxygen from room air to the lungs?

pharynx to larynx to trachea to bronchi to alveoli

What percentage is achieved when adding oxygen and a reservoir to a BVM?

100%

What should a patient be before suctioning?

oxygenated

What is the correct sequence to operate an oxygen tank?

briefly open and close the valve, attach the regulator, open the valve, set the flow rate

What is true regarding suctioning a patients airway?

never suction airway for longer than 15 seconds

When is the nasopharyngeal airway utilized?

usually does not stimulate the patients gag reflex

What should the flow rate and what percentage of oxygen when a nasal cannula is used?

1 to 6 LPM: 24-44%

What should your initial management of a unresponsive patient experiencing respiratory difficulty be?

establish an open airway

what is a sign that appears only with severe hypoxia?

cyanosis

What should you do when when manual ventilation with a BVM is not effective?

reposition the airway and attempt to ventilate again

What do you do when your patient that has an oropharyngeal installed and starts to vomit?

rapidly remove the airway, turn your patient to the side and suction the patient

What do you do first when you are called to a "man down" by the police: upon your arrival, you find a 56 yo male lying supine: he has a knife protruding from his upper leg with NO bleeding. He has snoring respirations at a rate of 10 with adequate chest r

open his airway using head tilt/chin lift

How should the nasopharyngeal airways be lubricated?

any water-soluable based lubricant

What should you do if approach a scene of a truck roll over and you notice a white mist coming from the bed of the truck?

Stop uphill and upwind and call haz-mat assistance

What will at least help determine general injury patterns if you do not know the injuries that a patient has sustained?

mechanism of injury

What circumstances at a motor vehicle collision would make you suspect that there might be severe injuries

1. ejection from vehicle
2. intrusion into the passenger compartment
3. rollover

Who assumes control of the scene, once the scene has been declared safe?

EMT's

What would you assume that the nature of the problem is if you are called to the scene of a woman who has been found unconscious on the floor of the bathroom?

both medical and trauma

How would you approach the scene if you are called to the scene of a possible gunshot wound and dispatch tells you that police are on scene?

turn off lights and siren and park at least 2-3 houses away

What circumstances may require calling for additional resources at the scene?

1. motor vehicle collision with 2 patients
2. suspected carbon monoxide leak in a house
3. tanker rollover

What is your best course of action if you are at the scene of an elderly medical patient with severe difficulty breathing. The police who responded with initially have left for another call. The patient's son arrives and yells at you, threatening violence

leave the scene immediately and call for police

What should scene size up determine?

1. need to call for additional asistance
2. presence of any possible threats

What should you look as you approach the scene of a traffic collision?

1. other emergency vehicles
2. clues to escaped hazardous materials
3. collision victims on or near the road

What task should be dome first once you are called to a scene of motor vehicle roll over. The car on its side, there is an obvious gas leak and the patient can be seen dangling from his seat belt. He is unresponsive to your voice. Fire/extrication is on s

when the scene is safe, approach the patient

What scenes require vigilance for safety?

1. crowd scene
2. nursing home
3. motor vehicle collision
4. crime scene

What is the most important part of BSI?

readily available

When does scene safety begin?

with dispatcher who receives the call

What types of fall would make you suspect that there would be severe injuries?

1. fall down a long flight of stairs
2. fall from a high platform
3. fall with the head landing first

What does DCAP-BTLS stand for?

1. deformities
2. contusions
3. abrasions
4.punctures/penetrations
5. burns
6. tenderness
7. lacerations
8. swelling

What is a general impression based on an immediate assessment of the environment and the patient's chief complaint?

appearance

What noise is commonly associated with the tongue partially obstructing the airway?

snoring

What exam should you perform when your 56 y/o male patient was found unresponsive in his back yard. His wife saw him pass out and there is no evidence of trauma.

rapid medical

What do you always check for when assessing extremities?

PMS

What does designating a patient as priority mean?

he should be transported as soon as possible

What does a patient that is AAOX2/4 know?

1. who she is
2. where she is

Where on the AVPU scale if your patients eyes are closed, but he will open them and will mumble in response to your questions?

v

What patient is a detailed exam most likely to be done?

responsive medical patient, not requiring intensive therapy

What condition is the patient if the assessment reveals pale, cool, clammy skin in conjunction with a significant mechanism of injury, an altered mental status, severe bleeding?

shock

Your patient has fallen from a 2 story building. What mechanism and exam is required?

significant, rapid

What do initial assessment include?

1. general impression
2. airway
3. breathing
4. mental status
5. circulation

Which patient would be most in need of a head to toe rapid trauma assessment?

an awake, alert 19 y/o male with a small caliber gunshot wound to the abdomen

What are components of an ongoing exam?

1. initial assessment repeat
2. assessment of interventions
3. V/S repeat

What should you do if upon your initial assessment you discover a severe leg wound with major bleeding. After assuring the adequacy of the airway and breathing status?

control the bleeding immediately

What is the problem with asking a patient involved in a vehicle crash, "Where are you" when checking their level of consciousness?

the patient really may not know where he is

Where would you inspect and palpate for tenderness, firmness and distention on a 63 y/o male patient complaining of general weakness, nausea and vomiting?

abdomen

What type of patient would receive a rapid head to toe exam?

unresponsive patient with family giving a history of chest pain

When evaluating the chest of an unresponsive 10 y/o female trauma patient, what should be checked?

1. paradoxical motion
2. equal breaths sounds
3. bruising and abrasions

The iliac crest of the pelvis are gently compressed posteriorly and ________

medially

What certain information does the department of transportation require to be included in a PCR?

minimum data set

What does SOAP stand for?

1. subjective
2. objective
3. assessment
4. plan

Unlike a radio report, what does a PCR include?

name and address

SWhat is documentation produced by an EMT-B known informally as?

PCR

What should you do if mistakenly document that the patients pain was in his chest, when it was actually in the abdomen?

draw line through "chest", write "abdomen" next to it and initial it

What does the DOT not require all PCR's?

treatment given to patient

What can the PCR become?

report given to newspapers

What is the portion of the prehospital care report that includes your description of the patients assessment?

narrative

What are your documentation responsibilities when you are apart of a team responding to a 10 vehicle pile up on the highway. There are about 20 patients from this collision.

triage forms at the scene, full documentation per your protocol.

Wich of these commonly used medical terms are spelled incorrectly:
pnuemonia
hypovolemia
apnea
musculoskeletal

pneumonia

What is the two-way radio located at a hospital or dispatch center?

base station

What should an EMT-Basic do if medical direction appears to be inappropriate?

question it

Which techniques will assist you in communicating with your patient?

1. translate medical terms into plain language
2. maintain eye contact
3. act confidently

what techniques will help keep the patient calm and cooperative when you are assessing an intoxicated, hostile man with a stab wound to his arm?

explain what you are doing and why

Radio transmissions from mobile radios may not have the power necessary to reach other units. To overcome this, EMS radio systems use _____ to boost the power of the mobile radio's signal.

repeaters

What times is it not appropriate to contact dispatch?

after initial assessment

What should not be included in a medical medical report?

name and address

What is the initial communication with EMT-Basic about an emergency call?

dispatch report

What federal agency assigns and licenses radio frequencies used by EMS units?

FCC

What should an EMT-Basic do if an on line order is given?

repeat the order back word for word