Most modern surgical instruments are made of
Stainless Steel
Chromium increases resistance to
corrosion
Blades #20-#25 fit which # handle?
#4 handle
Blades #10, #11, #12, and #15 fit which # handles?
#3, #7 and #9 handles
The suffix -tome refers to an instrument for
cutting
Grooves located on the jaws of surgical instruments that are either longitudinal, cross-hatched, or horizontal are called
serrations or teeth
This feature of a clamping/occluding surgical instrument controls the opposing jaws of the instrument
The box lock
Instruments designed for the exposure of the operative site are called
Retractors
Instruments used to gradually increase the diameter of an orifice to allow for introduction of larger instrumentation or to open a stricture are called
Dilators
An instrument with a sharp point and cutting edges that allow for penetration of a body cavity for the drainage of fluid or the introduction of an endoscope is called a
Trocar
This type of instrumentation is typically made of titanium because it is stronger yet lighter in weight.
Microinstrumentation
Name the 3 phases of handling of instruments referred to as the instrument cycle are
1. Preoperative
2. Intraoperative
3. Postoperative
What is used to ensure that all necessary instruments from each category are included in the set being used?
A count sheet
Used for diagnosis, biopsy, visualization and/or repair of a structure with a body cavity or the interior of a hollow organ.
An endoscope
Instruments used in the OR that are run by compressed air or nitrogen, electricity or batteries are called
Power tools
The blade of a craniotome cuts through the cranium with a rotary motion and the delicate tissue underneath is protected by a
Dural guard located at the foot of the instrument
The ability of the optical system to filter out adjacent images and to clarify detail is called the
Resolving power
Uses liquid nitrogen, Freon, or carbon Dioxide gas to deliver extreme cold through insulated probes
Cryotherapy units
Carbon Dioxide gas is infused into the abdominal cavity through a
Verress insufflation needle
Name the 5 components of a suction system
1. Vacuum source
2. Vacuum source tubing
3. Collection unit
4. Tubing
5. Suction tip
A device that is powered by nitrogen, battery or electricity that is used to debride a traumatic or infected wound is called a(n)
Irrigation /Aspiration (IA) device
A device that produces very small electric currents that, when applied to tissue, help to identify and preserve essential nerves is called a
Nerve Stimulator
This device restricts blood flow to the surgical site for some procedures
A Tourniquet
List the 2 main purposes that the tourniquet serves
1. The amount of blood lost by the patient is minimized
2. Visualization of the surg.ical site for the sterile team members is improved.
These devices are applied to the patient's leg to prevent venous stasis in the operating room
Sequential compression device
Disposable drapes that have reinforced layers of material surrounding the opening of the drape are called
Fenestration drapes
This drape is made of a thin, clear, plastic material that has an adhesive backing applied to the patient's skin that may be impregnated with an antimicrobial iodine agent
Incise or Ioban drape
This small drape of clear plastic with openings surrounded by an adhesive backing is commonly used to drape eyes
Aperture (fenestrated) drapes
This drape is used to create an opening for a surgical site or to drape and extremity
Nonfenestrated "U" or split sheet
These drapes are designed as stretchable tubes to cover extremities. One end is closed and they come in both impervious and non-impervious types.
Stockinettes
Neurological sponges are referred to as
Cottonoids or patties
Small rolls of cotton tape that come in packages of 5 and are used to aid the surgeon in blunt dissection of tissues are called
Kitners
This dressing is used to cover a small incision from which drainage is expected to be minimal
One-layer dressings
Skin closure tapes used to maintain approximation of the wound edges and by be used alone or with another type of dressings
Steri strips
A type of liquid chemical one-layer dressing
Collodion
A three-layer dressing used to create an airtight and watertight seal
Occlusive dressing
The most frequently used option for securing dressings
Tape
A type of three-layer dressing to which additional material is added to the intermediate layer or one that is tightly secured to cause compression of the surgical wound
Pressure dressing
A three-layer dressing to which additional material is added to the intermediate layer
A bulky dressing
Casts and splints are examples of what type of dressing?
Rigid dressing
Typically used to drain urine, but may also be use to provide irrigation fluid within a duct
Urinary catheter
Used to measure urinary output over an extended period or to provide bladder decompression
Foley catheter
The Pezzer and the Malecot are examples of what type of catheter?
Suprapubic catheter
This catheter is used to decompress the kidney, identify and protect the ureters with the assistance of a cystoscope
Ureteral catheters
This catheter is used to infuse fluids, obtain a diagnosis, monitor body functions and remove thrombi
Intravascular Catheters
Tubes used to aspirate air and fluids from the GI tract
Gastrointestinal tubes
Tubes used to maintain patency of the upper respiratory tract
Airway tubes
A "stab" wound is used to accommodate what type of tube?
A chest tube
A T-tube is used to drain
bile from the Common Bile Duct (CBT)
Fluids are allowed to move out of the wound into dressing by capillary action with what type of drain?
The penrose drain
These types of drains use negative pressure while connected to a collection device. Examples are Hemovac, Jackson-Pratt, or Stryker.
Active drains
These types of drains allow a pathway for fluids or air to move from an area of high pressure to low pressure. Examples are Penrose, Cigarette, T-tube, Gastrostomy, Cystostomy, or Nephrostomy.
Passive drains
Used to inject medications into tissues or intravenous tubing.
Hypodermic needles
Large percutaneous needles use to obtain tissue samples from within the body.
Biopsy needles
Used to irrigate wounds, aspirate fluids, or inject medications
Syringes
This locks the needle onto the syringe tip with a twisting motion
Luer-Lok tip
The standard irrigating bulb/barrel syringes for most procedures is called the
Asepto syringe
During a lengthy procedure of duration that is greater than 1 hour what is recommended?
Deflate the tourniquet periodically for 10 minutes then reinflate
Radiopaque sponges used for procedures requiring smaller incisions
Raytec sponges
Cotton-filled gauzes with a string attached that come in packages of 5
Tonsil sponges