chapter 14 Fullers highlights

Electrocardiography ECG

__ measures the electrical activity of the heart, which is projected into a waveform

Pulse oximeter

__ is a digital sensor that detects oxygen saturation in the hemoglobin by spectrometry

positive-pressure

laryngospasm constitutes an emergency when an airway cannot be immediately established by __ ventilation

monitored anesthesia care MAC

Administering __ requires that the ACP administer sedative and anxiolytic (anti-anxiety) drugs as needed and manages any anesthetic or physiological emergencies

Local infiltration

__ anesthesia is the injection of anesthetic into superficial tissues to produce a small area of anesthesia

extubation

Spasm of the larynx usually is associated with airway secretions or stimulation of the laryngeal nerve during intubation or __

muscle relaxation

Adequate __ is necessary during general anesthesia to manipulate the body wall and other tissues within the operative site

emergence

Termination of anesthesia and the process of regaining consciousness are called __

regional block

A __ is a type of anesthesia in a specific area of the body by injection of anesthetic around a major nerve or group of nerves

Regional

__ anesthesia can be used in a small, superficial area of skin and subcutaneous tissue or in an entire region of the body, such as during spinal anesthesia

Minimal sedation

__ is a state in which the patient can respond to verbal commands

Dissociative

__ anesthesia is induced with the drug Ketamine, which blocks sensory neurotransmission and associative pathways

Conscious

__ sedation is used for short diagnostic and minor surgical procedures that do not require deep anesthesia

postanesthesia

When stable, the patient is transferred to a stretcher and transported to the __ recovery unit

Laryngospasm

__ is treated with mechanical ventilation or, in severe cases, administration of succinylcholine to paralyze the muscles

fasting

Preoperative __ is required to minimize aspiration (inhalation) of gastric contents during general anesthesia

stimuli

In a state of well being, the body responds readily to __ to maintain life

anesthesia machine

The __ is a complex biotechnical device used in patient monitoring, respiratory function, and administration of inhalation anesthetics

anterograde amnesia

In anesthesia, __ is the patient's inability to recall events that occur after the administration of specific drugs

continuously

Patients undergoing conscious sedation are monitored __ throughout the procedure

Dantrium

Emergency drugs for MH treatment include __ and agents to treat specific metabolic disorders

Anesthesia

__ is a subspecialty of medicine

gas scavenging

The capture and safe removal of anesthetic gas that escapes from the anesthesia machine is accomplished with a __ system

perfusion

The circulation of blood to specific tissue, organ, system, or the whole body is called __

membranes

Topical anesthesia is used on mucous __ and on superficial eye tissues during ophthalmic surgery

peripheral

A __ nerve block provides anesthesia to a specific area of the body supplied by a major nerve or nerve plexus (group)

Intraoperative cell salvage

__ is the immediate harvesting of blood on the surgical field and reinfusion to the patient

Homeostasis

__ is a state of balance in physiological functions

oximeter

A pulse __ is a monitoring device that measures the patient's hemoglobin oxygen saturation by means of spectrometry

shivering

Deep unconsciousness, such as that achieved during general anesthesia results in the absence of protective mechanisms such as swallowing, coughing, blinking, and __

diminished

Central nervous system depression refers to __ mental, sensory, and physical capacity

anesthesia

The __ assistant assists the anesthesia care provider in tasks that are delegated according to the AA's practice skills and knowledge

check-in

Hospitals have individual __ protocols; however, specific details are always verified

risk

Diagnostic testing to determine the patient's __ level has been routine for many decades

preoperative

Preoperative medications are documented in the patient's medical and __ records

ACP

Any medication ordered but not yet given may be administered in the holding area as directed by the surgeon or __

preoperative

Historically, __ drugs were given routinely, while the patient was awaiting surgery on the hospital ward

36 C to 37.5 C

Normal body temperature is __

regional

Toxic reactions to local anesthetics arise most often during __ block and epidural anesthesia

unconsciousness

A coma is a state of deep __ in which most brain activity ceases