teeth
Procedures involving the _____ are performed primarily by an oral-maxillofacial surgeon.
subperiosteal
_____ implants are placed beneath the periosteum directly on the alveolar bone. This type of implant is used primarily when bone is insufficient to support other implants.
maxilla
Midface advancement is performed to correct a bony deformity of the _____.
The face is divided into which of the following 3 parts?
upper face, midface, and lower face
Mandibular micrognathia
_______ is a congenital defect resulting in a small lower jaw. This can affect feeding in the infant and alignment of the teeth as the infant grows.
sternal notch
Facial fractures are prepped with betadine scrub and paint. The entire face is prepped, from the hairline to the _______.
arch bars
_____ are implanted to realign dentition of the mandible and midface.
I
Le Fort ___ is a horizontal fracture of the maxilla that causes the hard palate and alveolar process to become separated from the remainder of the maxilla. The fracture extends into the lower nasal septum, laterally maxillary sinus, and palatine bones.
orbital floor fractures
Complications of ____ include extrusion of the globe into the nasal sinus and entrapment of the eye muscles.
TMJ Disease
_____ is characterized by persistant pain is usually associated with stress-related tension and grinding of the teeth (bruxism), malocclusion, trauma, or arthritis.
Oralmaxillofacial surgery
____ focuses on reconstruction and repairs of the facial bones and may include structures of the oral cavity.
Blurred vision
Patients frequently experience _____ immediately after surgery to repair orbital floor fractures because of the use of the corneal shield and antibiotic ointment.
fat graft
Before repair of frontal sinus fractures, the sinus mast be removed and duct occluded. The sinus is then often filled with a _____.
standard protocol
_____ dictate(s) that wires in arch bars be tightened in a clockwise fashion so that any other surgeon knows to remove then in a counter-clockwise direction.
maxillofacial procedures
____ are performed primarily by oral-maxillofacial, plastic, or otorhinolaryngology surgeons.
III
In Le Fort ____ fracture there is a separation of all facial bones from their cranial base. It includes fracture of the zygoma, maxilla, and nasal bones. The fracture line extends through the ethmoid bone and bony orbit with severe facial flattening and s
CT scanning
Plain x-ray is used for baseline assessment or for simple fractures. However, extensive tissue swelling may obscure complex anatomical features and injuries. ____ is therefore performed for complex facial fractures and reconstruction.
unique bit pattern
One of the fundamental goals of any maxillomandibular procedure is to preserve the patient's ____ between the mandible (lower jaw), maxilla, and midface bones.
long-term physiological effects
_____ of injury or congenital anomalies can affect speech, mastication (chewing), and development of the teeth.
II
The Le Fort fracture is pyramidal. It extends from the nasal none, to the frontal process of the maxilla, lacrimal bones, and inferior orbital floor, and may extend into the anterior maxillary sinus, and into the pterygoid plates.
Nasal bone
The _____ forms the bridge of the nose and articulates with the ethmoid and maxilla.
mandible
The _____ is the only movable bone of the face.
plates and screws
_____ are the primary means of repairing facial fractures.
scrub
The ____ must keep track of all the plates and screws that are used during surgery for the purposes of charging and documentation.
bicoronal incision
If a _____ is planned, the patient's head may be shaved and the prep carried from the posterior head to the sternal notch.
oral-maxillofacial surgery
Surgery involving the bones of the face, primarily for repair of fractures and reconstruction for congential anomalies, is defines as ____.
Dentition
_____ is the number, type, and pattern of the teeth.
biocortical
A screw that penetrates both cortical layers and intervening spongy layer of the bone is called a ____ screw.
maxillomandibular fixation (MMF)
Also called application of arch bars, a procedure in which the maxilla and mandible are placed in their normally closed position and fixed with wires is called _____.
zygoma
The ______ forms the lateral walls and floor of the bony orbit, which houses the eyeball.
Class II
In which classification of surgical wounds would oral procedures be placed where no infection is present or spillage occurs.
vasoconstrution
Which of the following is an action of epinephrine?
closed
What type of inhalation system for an administration of inhalation anesthetics used to reduce the risk of fire during maxillofacial procedures.
upright with neck hyperextended
In which position will the patient be placed to obtain a Water's view radiograph?
CT Scan
Which of the following diagnostic imaging methods provides images of bony defects?
Le Fort I
What is the most common type of midfacial fracture?
silastic
An example of synthetic graft materials is _____.
arthroscopy
Endoscopic viewing of a joint is called _____.
coronal
What type of incision is made at the patient's hairline and can be bilaterally extended?
4-6 weeks
Under ideal circumstances, bone healing is expected with in ____.
22
The skull is comprised of ____ bones.
teeth that are not in proper alignment
The term malocclusion refers to ______.
Heterograph
Coral is a type of ___.
provide access to the oral cavity
Why is nasal intubation preferred when arch bar application is anticipated?
infection
Vomiting can lead to aspiration, but in the maxillofacial patient it can also pose a risk of ______.
wire
Arch bars are fixed into position with a _____.
stabilize the maxillary bones
Which of the following is a purpose of arch bars?
patient
What is the source of autogeneous graft material?
alveolar process of the maxilla is horizontally separated from base of the skull
Which of the following best describes a Le Fort I fracture?
craniosynostosis
What is the medical term from premature closure of the skull?
sagging of the eye
The term enophthalmos is used to describe _____.
micrognathia
What is the term used to describe a deformity involving an abnormally small jaw?
masseter
Which facial muscle allows for closure of the mouth and protrusion of the chin?
mandible
The lower jaw bone is called ____.
lingual frenulum
What structure attaches the tongue to the floor of the buccal cavity?
soft palate
The anterior portion of the palate is the _____.
primary teeth
The term deciduous refers to the ______.
vestibule
The space between the lips (extending to include the cheeks) and the teeth is the _____.
cover with fat, fascia, or muscle graft
What can be done to treat an intranasal dural tear?
low pH in the oral cavity
What causes dental caries to form?
facial nerve
The seventh cranial nerve is also called ____.
zygomatic
Another name for the malar bone is ____.
temporomandibular
The synovial joint formed at the bicondylar junction of the mandible and the temporal bone is the ______.
meniscus
Cresent - shaped cartilage found in the TMJ and knee joints is _____.
circular
The term oribicular means _____.
arthroplasty
Repair of the joint is called ____.
alveolar process
The portion of the jaw which surrounds and supports the tooth is the _______.
The infasia
What can be done to treat an intranasal dural tear?
hard palate
The anterior portion of the palate is the _____.
uvula
What structure attaches the tongue to the floor of the buccal cavity?
create a burr hole
A craniotome with perforator attachment is used to _______.
midface
Fractures in this area are important in their association with injury to the eye, especially in displaced fractures.
upper face
This area is generally injured during a blow to the forehead and trauma may include the nasal duct.
lower face
The mandible is the only movable bone of the face. It is U-shaped bone that is suspended from the temporal bone.
upper face
The frontal bone is part of the cranium but forms the forehead and contains portions of the nasal sinus.
midface
The bony orbit is formed by the frontal bone, but also contains portions of the other bones of the face. They include the zygoma, maxilla, lacrimal, ethmoid, sphenoid, and palatine bones.
lower face
The ramus extends inferiorly from the condyle to the angle, where it joins the body of the mandible and extends anteriorly and medially to join the other half of the mandible.
midface
The ethmoid bone is a complex structure that contributes to the floor of the cranium and contains a number of sinus cavities.
Lower face
The condyles insert into the glenoid fossa of the temporal bones to form the temporomandibular joints.