(T/F) Diapers may be left on for abdomen or pelvic exams if the technologist is sure there are no pins or other metallic items included.
False
The lateral skull projection of a 6-years old requires approximately the same size cassette or image receptor as that used with an adult
a. true b. false
a. true
(T/F) Latex enema tip should be used for pediatric barium enemas.
False
The pigg-o-stat can be employed for pediatric skull procedures
a. true b.false
b. false
Regions of extensive bone growth such as the elbow and wrist should be radiographed separately on older children rather than combined on a single projection of the entire limb.
a. true b. false
b. true
The mummifying technique is recommended for studies of the lower limbs of children.
a. true b. false
b. false
It is difficult to distinguish the small bowel from the large on a pediatric abdominal radiograph
a. true b. false
a. true
Gonadal shielding should not be used for any studies of the pelvis for bilateral hip evaluation.
a. true b. false
b. false
A technologists attitude is one of the more important factors in making a pediatric procedure a success
a. true b. false
a true
Fine sand should be used in sandbags for pediatric immobilization because it makes it more pliable
a. true b. false
b. false
female caregiver of childbearing age should never be allowed to stay in room to assist with the procedure?
a. true b. false
b. false
The adhesive surface of the tape should be applied directly to the skin of infants to helps prevent movement of the body part during exposure.
a. true b. false
b. false
children should not drink any fluids including water & fruit juice for 4 hours before IVO.
a. true b. false
b. false
fear and combative resistance from a young child are common initial responses to a radiographic procedure
a. true b. false
a. true
The technologist is the one who should make the decision whether the parent remains in the radiograph room during a procedure?
a. true b. false
a. true
4. it is the responsibility of the technologist to make a judgement if child abuse has occurred and then report it to law enforcement?
a. true b. false
b. false
Which of the following kV ranges is recommended for a pediatric VCUG for patients in infancy through age 18 years?
65 to 85
***Which of the following terms if currently most acceptable in describing child abuse
a. battered child syndrome (BCS)
b. pediatric intentional trauma (PIT)
c. non accidental trauma (NAT)
d. suspected child abuse (SCA)
c. non accidental trauma (NAT)
Which of the following factors should be first consideration in controlling motion for pediatric patients
a. pigg-o-stat
b. sandbags and tape
c. high kV technique
d. short exposure time
d. short exposure time
Which of the following immobilization devices is recommended for an erect abdomen projection on an 18-month old patient?
a. pigg-o-stat
b. tam-em board
c. plexiglass hold down paddle
d. compression band
a. pigg-o-stat
What size stockinette is recommended for a small infants?
a. 1 inch c. 3 inch
b. 2 inch d. 4 inch
c. 3 inch
***Which term describes the primary center for ossification of long bones?
a, epiphysis
b. diaphysis
c. epiphyseal plate
d. metaphysis
b. diaphysis
Which term describes the space between the primary and secondary growth centers?
a. epiphysis
b. diaphysis
c. ephiphyseal plate
d. epiphyseal ine
c. ephiphyseal plate
Which of the following generally requires use of an grid
a. PA chest 1 year old patient
b. lateral chest 1 year old patient
c.AP pelvis & femur projections with 1 year old patient
d. none of the above
d. none of the above
Special sand bags for pediatric immobilization should have ____ sand than normal adult use.
a. more
b. less
c. finer
d. coarser
d. coarser
Which of the following pathologies is best demonstrated with a radiographic chest procedure:
a. cystic fibrosis
b. wilms tumor
c. celiac disease
d. crohns disease
a. cystic fibrosis
The CR should be directed to the level of __ for a lateral 2 year old chest patient
a. mammillary line
b. 2 in. (5cm) above umbilicus
c. 1in. (2.5 cm) above the xiphoid tip
d. 2in. (5cm) above the jugular notch
a. mammillary line
Which modality is commonly used for evaluating congenital hip dislocation in new bones?
a. MRI
b. CT
c. Nuclear Medicine
d. ultrasounds
d. ultrasounds
Which modality is commonly used for evaluating for vesicoureteral reflux in infants?
a. MRI
B. CT
C. Nuclear medicine
d. Ultrasound
C. Nuclear medicine
Which modality is commonly used for evaluating and staging tumors in young children without providing high patient dose? Also good for ADHD.
a. MRI
B. CT
C. Nuclear medicine
d. Ultrasound
a. MRI
Which modality is commonly used to produce 3-D images of vascular lesions without introducing contrast media?
a. MRI
b. spiral CT
c. Nuclear medicine
d. Ultrasound
b. spiral CT
Which modality is commonly used for diagnosing pyloric stenosis in infants younger children without providing high patient dose
a. MRI
B. CT
C. ultrasound
d. none of the above
C. ultrasound
WHich of the following kV range is recommended for a lateral projections of the pediatric chest?
a. 60-65
b. 75-80
c. 90-100
d. 100-115
b. 75-80
Which of the following pathologic indications requires a significant decrease (up to 50%) of manual exposure factors?
a. osteomalacia (rickets)
b. osteogensis imperfecta
c. talipes equinus
d. osteochondrosis
b. osteogensis imperfecta
Which of the following requires a moderate decrease in manual exposure factors?
a. osteomyelitis
b. legg-calve perthes disease
c. intussusception
d. neuroblastoma
c. intussusception
What are the basic projection/position for a radiographic study of the hips on a pediatric patient (non traumatic injury)?
a. AP projection only
b. AP & horizontal beam infersuperior
c. AP & bilateral frog leg projection
d. AP & clements- nakayama
c. AP & bilateral frog leg projection
Which positioning line is perpendicular to the IR for an AP projection of the pediatric skull
a. OML
b. IOML
c. MML
D. AML
a. OML
Which of the following radiographic structures are evaluated to best determine tilt on a lateral pediatric skull projection
A. TEA
b. orbital
c. EAM
d. orbital roofs
d. orbital roofs
What is the NPO fasting period for a 2 year old before an upper gastrointestinal series?
a. none
b. 3hours
c. 4 hours
d. 6hours
c. 4 hours
Double contrast barium enemas are most commonly performed on young pediatric patients.
a. Hirschspring disease is suspected
b. intussuception is suspected
c. intestinal bleeding suspected
d. when polyps are suspected
d. when polyps are suspected
Where is the CR centered for a KUB performed on an infant?
a. level of crest
b. 1 inch (2.5) above the umbilicus
c. midway between the mamilary line and umbilicus
d. 1 inch (2n5 cm) below the iliac crest
b. 1 inch (2.5) above the umbilicus
A bowel obstruction due to an accumulation of fluid in the bowel of a full term fetus is termed
a. NEC
b. meconium ileus
c. intussusecption
d. appendicitis
b. meconium ileus
Which projection and/or position of the abdomen is recommended for demonstrating the prevertebral region of the abdomen
a. AP supine
b. AP erect
c. dorsal decubitus
d. left lateral decubitus
c. dorsal decubitus
How much barium is given to a newborn during an upper gastrointestinal series
a. 1 ounce
b. 2-4 ounces
c. 4-6 ounces
d. 6-12 ounces
b. 2-4 ounces
What is the average time it takes for barium to reach the the ileocecal valve during a pediatric small bowel study?
a. 30 min
b. 1 hour
c. 2 hours
d. 3 hours
b. 1 hour
images are taken at __ intervals for a small bowel series on a pediatric patient
a. 10-15 min
b. 20-30 min
c. 30-40
d. 1 hours
b. 20-30 min
What is the maximum height the enema bag should be above the table top at the beginning of a barium enema procedure?
a. 1 foot
b. 2 feet
c. 3 feet
d. 6 feet
c. 3 feet
What type of contrast media is most effective in reducing an intossusception?
a. barium
b. iodinated water soluble
c. helium
d. air
d. air
What size & type of catheter is recommended for a voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) on a young pediatric patient?
a. 8 fr feeding tube
b. small feeding tube
c. 10 fr flexible silicon catheter
d. catheter non use injected with 20 ml syringe & fistula tip
a. 8 fr feeding tube
What is a common pathologic indication for a pediatric VCUG?
a. vesicoureteral reflux
b. urinary bladder calculi
c. renal calculi
a. vesicoureteral reflux