A mineral that occurs naturally in food and water.
Fluoride
An ongoing supply of both systemic and topical throughout life.
Fluoride
The CDC recognized ____________ as one of the 10 greatest public health achievements of the 20th century.
Fluoridation of water
Primary weapon to fight tooth decay. It slows demineralization and enhances remineralization.
Fluoride
Removal of mineral components from mineralized tissues.
Demineralization
Process of restoring minerals to mineralized tissues.
Remineralization
Ways of receiving fluoride
Prescription strength fluoride
Non-prescription strength
Fluoridated water
Systemic fluoride
Topical fluoride
Excess fluoride is excreted mainly by the _____.
Kidneys
Teeth exposed to fluoride are generally looked _______.
White, shiny, opaque and without blemishes
What is the optimal level of fluoride?
1 ppm
According to a public health standpoint, this is a good way to deliver fluoride to lower socioeconomic populations?
Fluoridation of water
What is the major effects of water fluoridation?
Topical
Means the fluoride diffuses into the surface of the enamel of an erupted tooth rather than being incorporated into the unerupted teeth during development.
Topical uptake
What is the approximately amount of fluoride that is safe and recommended concentration?
1 ppm
True or False
1 ppm is equivalent to 1 drop of fluoride in a bucket of water.
False
1 drop in a bathtub of water
Fluoride Precautions
Evaluate patient's current fluoride intake.
Perform a fluoride needs assessment.
Chronic overexposure to fluoride, even at low concentration, can result in ________ in children younger than 6 years with developing teeth.
Dental fluorosis
Acute overdosage of fluoride can result in _______.
Poisoning or death
What stage where fluoride is available to the teeth in the tissue surrounding the tooth bud?
Pre-eruptive stage/mineralization
The outer surface of the tooth acquires more fluoride 2 years prior to eruption is when the greatest amount of fluoride is acquired in this stage.
Pre-eruptive stage/maturation
After eruption, fluoride continues to enter the enamel and alter the structure of the enamel crystals. Uptake is most rapid during the first year of eruption.
Post eruptive stage
Group of minerals, components of the bones and teeth
Apatite
When combined with fluoride, teeth are more resistant to acid formation.
Fluorapatite
Lowering level of fluoride in water
Defluoridation
Fluoride assessment
Amount of fluoride in drinking water.
Bottled water
Family history of decay
Tooth sensitivity
Chemotherapy
Frequency of snacks and what type
Pop consumption
Use of whiting products
By way of fluoride circulation to the developing teeth.
Systemic fluoride
Applied in direct contact with the teeth. Provide the major caries inhibiting effect with the use of tooth paste or mouthrinses.
topical fluoride
Primary source of topical fluoride.
Toothpaste containing fluoride
Sources of topical fluoride
Toothpaste
Fluoridated mouth rinses (prescription and non prescription)
Brush on fluoride gel
Professional topical fluoride applications
Fluoridated water
What fluoride topical application technique is this procedure?
2 step procedure
Only 1/2 of mouth completed at a time.
Isolate with cotton rolls
Seat patient upright
Dry teeth thoroughly
Place saliva ejector
Paint on gel cotton tip applicator
Recommended
Paint on Technique
What fluoride topical application technique is this procedure?
Select the right size of disposable tray
Patient in upright position.
Instruct patient not to swallow the fluoride.
Load the tray with minimal amount of fluoride.
Dry the teeth using gauze and
Tray Technique (Gel or Foam)
What fluoride topical application technique is this procedure?
Dispense
Dry each quadrant
May use saliva ejector
Apply thin coat to teeth(yellow-brown)
Avoid eating and drinking for 30 minutes.
Avoid brushing for at least 4 hours
Avoid rough foods
Patient
Varnish Technique
Types of fluoride in clinical use
Sodium fluoride / NaF
Acidulated phosphate Fluoride / APF
Stannous Fluoride
Type of fluoride that has 2% concentration, does not discolor teeth or restoration, salty taste, available in gel or foam or varnish and series of application available is of 4-5 application on a weekly basis and can be used as a desensitizer for exposed
Sodium Fluoride-NaF
Type of fluoride that has 1.23% concentration! stable solution! does not stain teeth or restorations, for in office use, available in foam, gel or rinse, has acceptable taste, tissue compatibility and can etch porcelain and composite restoration materials
Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride-APF
Type of fluoride that has 8% concentration(rinse), unpleasant taste(metallic, bitter), instability, tooth staining, sloughing of gingival tissue(astringent) and given at 6-12 months intervals(not commonly used).
Stannous Fluoride
Fluoride are used for
Prevention
Rampant decay
Sensitivity
Unhealthy gum tissue
Acute toxicity of fluoride occurs
Rapid intake of excess dose in a short amount of time. Ex. Swallowing fluoride after treatment
Symptoms of acute toxicity of fluoride
Nausea/vomiting
Diarrhea
Abdominal pain
Increased salivation
Lethal dose of fluoride
Adult 5-10 grams of NaF
Child 5-12 grams varies size of the child
Emergency treatment for lethal dose
Induce vomiting
Call 911
Chronic toxicity of fluoride occurs
Ingesting small amount over a long time. Ex. Putting too much on toothbrush and swallowing toothpaste as a child.
Chronic toxicity can cause
Mottled enamel/dental fluorosis
Fluoride Safety Tips
Children must have parental supervision.
Keep product out of reach of young children.
Determine need for fluoride supplements with dentist.
Which stage can the ameloblasts be inhibited if there is excess fluoride?
Mineralization