72 inches, so the heart is not magnified
what is the recommended SID for a pa chest? why?
to see air fluid levels, to get the diaphragm at natural point, prevent engorgement of pulmonary vessals
why is it preferable to have the patient upright for a PA chest
midsaggital
which body plane should be perpendicular and centered to the midline of the image receptor
back of the hands on the lower hips so they are out of the way and it is easier to roll the shoulders forward
how should the patients hands be positions and why ?
about 1 1/2- 2 inches above the shoulder
with reference to the patient where should the upper border of the IR / collimated field be placed
to place the midsaggital plane in a vertical position
what is the purpose of depressing the shoulders
to move the scapulae laterally away from the lung field
why should the shoulders be rotated forward
sternal ends of the clavicles would no longer be equidistant from the vertebral column
if patient was to remove one shoulder from contact with the grid device before the exposure, what effect would it have on the image
full inspiration, full expiration, full inspiration, stop breathing
-to fill the lungs with air
what breathing instructions should be given to the patient
to see foreign bodies, and pneumothorax
list 2 reasons why exposures can be made after inspiration and expiration
to prevent distortion of the heart
to demonstrate the heart, why should the exposure be made after normal inspiration rather then deep inspiration
heart and left lung
what thoracic structures are of primary interest with the left lateral projection of the chest
right lung
which thoracic structure is of primary interest with the right lateral position of the chest
midcoronal
what body plane should be perpendicular and centered to the midline of the ir for the lateral projection of the chest
above the head, arms flexed at the elbow with forearms resting on head
how should the arms be for the lateral projection of the chest
unsteady patient could use for support
what purpose might an IV stand serve when the patient is positioned
true
true or false: a lateral projection image of the chest should be viewed so that the side of the patient where the central ray entered ins nearer the viewer
true
true or false: the patients heart will appear larger in the right lateral projection radiograph than in the left lateral projection radiograph
further
which side (the one closer of the one further from the IR) is generally the side of interest in the pa oblique projections of the chest
left
which side of the chest (right or left) is of primary interest with the pa oblique projection RAO position
2 inches above the shoulder
with reference to the patient where should the ir be placed for the pa oblique projections
45 degrees
when performing the pa oblique projection RAO position how many degrees should the patient be rotated
what you are looking for
what determines how many degrees the patient should be rotated for the pa oblique projection LAO position
45 degrees
when performing the PA oblique projection LAO position to demonstrate lungs how many degrees should the patient be rotated
55-60 degrees
when performing the PA oblique projection LAO position, to demonstrate the heart and great vessels, how many degrees should the patient be rotated
after 2nd inspiration
with reference to the patient respiration when should the exposure be made for the PA oblique projections
t7
to what level of the patient should the central ray directed for the PA oblique projection of the chest
RAO
which pa oblique projection provides the best view of the left atrium and the entire left branch of the bronchial tree
true
true or false: when viewing PA oblique chest images the patients left side should be toward the viewers right side
true
true or false: when viewing PA oblique chest images (LAO) the left lung should be partially superimposed by the spine
true
true or false: the heart and mediastinal structures should be clearly demonstrated within the lung field of the elevated side in oblique images of 45 degrees of body rotation
closer
which side (the one closer to or further from the IR) is generally the side of interest
LPO
which AP oblique image (RPO or LPO) demonstrates the maximum area of the left lung
72 inches
what is the minimum recommended SID for AP oblique projections
AP oblique projection LPO position
which Ap projection produces an image very similar to that produced by the PA oblique projection RAO position
45 degrees
how many degrees should the patient be rotated for the AP projection of the chest
3 inches below the jugular notch
to what level of the patient should the central ray enter for the AP oblique projection
midsaggital
what body plane should be centered for the ap projection , supine position of the chest
arms to the side with shoulders in a vertical plane
if the patient condition permits how should the arm and shoulders be positioned for the ap projection
magnified
how do the heart and great vessels appear in the ap projection compared to the pa projection of the chest
shorter
how do the lungs appear in the ap projection of the chest
higher
how do the clavicles appear in an ap projection
horizontal
how do the ribs appear in the ap projection
apex
which portion of the lungs is generally the area of primary interest in the ap axial projection, lordotic position
back against the grid, leaning back about 1 foot
how is the patient positioned for the lordotic position
perpendicular to the midsternum
where should the central ray enter the patient for the lordotic position
3 inches above the shoulders when leaning back
where do you place the IR for the lordotic position
to see air fluid level
what is the general purpose for using a lateral decubitus position
false
true or false: the patient can be positioned upright in a lateral decubitus position
true
true or false: the IR must be vertically against the patient in a decub
false
true or false: the affected side should be up to demonstrate a fluid level
false
true or false: both sides should be seen in their entirety for the decub
right lateral decub
to demonstrate fluid in the right thorax the patient must be positioned in what position
right
which side of the thorax will best demonstrate free air when the patient is in the left lateral decub position
supine
for the dorsal decub position projection the patient must be placed in what position
prone
for the ventral decub position projection the patient must be placed in what position
horizontal
in addition to being perpendicular to the IR, how else must the central ray be directed
at least 5 minutes to let the fluid fall
how long should a patient remain in position and why ?
as high above the head as possible
how should the arms be positioned for a ventral and dorsal decub.