use straight tenotomy scissors or iris scissors
lateral canthotomy
use needle tip esu
small vessels and fat pockets
use weck-cell
blot or hold pressure
pass 4-0 or 5-0 nonsbsorbable suture on a castroviejo needle holder
canthal tendon reattached to tarsus
pass a curette to excise
meibomian gland (embedded sebaceous gland in tarsus cartilage plates)
use BSS
irrigation to protect and maintain moist conjunctiva
Ordering: Place the layers of the upper eyelid in the correct order (external to internal)
Epidermis
Dermis
Subcutaneous fat
Orbicularis oris muscle (levator muscle)
Lateral and medial tendons
Meibomian gland
Tarsal (cartilaginous) plates (upper and lower)
Palpebral conjunctiva
drip irrigation fluid to cool
used when burrs or saws are used on bone
pass the punch or rongeur
used to remove bone fragments (enlarge or make the opening through bone)
use gauze to grasp tip
used to keep tip of rongeurs or punches clean dilator/probe
pass nasal speculum and bayonet forceps
used to view and suture the inferior segment of the silicone tubing in place
care in handling and passing items, including silastic implant if used
inspect for lint, no powder to prevent adhesions or blockage
pass the bowman lacrimal dilator/probe
used to verify patency or the path of a duct or sinus
use to keep frazier suction open
irrigate and use stylet prn
pass the freer elevator
used to separate the lacrimal sac or other sutures away from the periosteum
gentamicin
antibiotic
isotonic solution
balanced salt solution (BSS)
cycloplegic
cyclogyl (paralyzes the ciliary muscle)
anesthetic
tetracaine
vitreous substiture
sodium hyaluronate
anti-inflammatory
celestone
vasoconstrictor
epinephrine
miotic
pilocarpine (An agent that causes the pupil to contract)
mydriatic
atropine (A drug that dilates the pupil by paralyzing the iris of the eye. (Also: cocaine, ephedrine, euphthalmine, and homatropine.))
enzyme
wydase/hyaluronidase
infection treatment or prevention
gentamicin
dilates pupil
mydriacyl
prevents sclera from collapsing
sodium hyaluronate
paralyzes the ciliary muscle
neo-synephrine
Hormone additive that slows down absorption of anesthetic
epinephrine
prevents swelling
anti-inflammatory
Enzyme additive that disperses anesthetic uniformly
wydase
constricts pupil
miotic
prevents corneal dryness
balanced salt solution (BSS)
pain prevention
tetracaine
castroviejo
micro needle holder and micro corneal scissors
bowman
dilating and probing
bishop
grasping and holding
westcott
micro scissor
tonometer
measures IOP (intraocular pressure)
desmarres chalazion forceps
grasps lower eyelid to facilitate excision
beaver
cutting scalpel handle
kelly punch
used to make a hole in the iris
keratome
super sharp blade
colibri forceps
toothed foreps
How many bones make up the orbit of the eye?
seven
Which of the following is NOT a bone of the orbit?
Sphenoid
Maxillary
frontal
Mandible
Answer: Mandible
How many extrinsic muscles does the eye have?
six
Which of the following is an extrinsic eye muscle?
lateral rectus
Which of the following muscles rotates the eye upward and away from the midline?
Inferior oblique
Which of the following secretes tears?
lacrimal gland
The cornea consists of _____ layers.
four
The term _____ describes a crystalline lens that has become opaque.
cataract
The posterior cavity of the eye contains a substance similar in consistency to soft gelatin; this "eye jelly" is called:
vitreous humor
_____ is (are) the leading cause of blindness in the United States.
glaucoma
A _____ is a small lump on the inner or outer surface of the eyelid.
chalazion
Which of the following deals with excessive scar tissue within the eye?
PVR
Diplopia means:
double vision
_____ deals with cold.
cryotherapy
Which of these scissors would an ophthalmic surgeon use on the eye?
westcott
Ptosis is a drooping of the:
upper eyelid
An iridectomy is the removal of:
a section of the iris
_____ is a treatment for glaucoma.
Trabeculectomy
To correct a strabismus, _____ may be performed.
both a recession and a resection
A(n) _____ is performed to assist in the drainage of tears and secretions from the lacrimal sac into the middle meatus of the nose by forming a short circuit through the lacrimal bone and the nasal mucosa.
Dacryocystorhinostomy
Westcott scissors are designed for working on heavy tissues.
false
The medial rectus rotates the eye toward the midline.
true
Six bones form the orbit of the eye.
false
The inferior oblique is an intrinsic eye muscle.
false
The maxilla is a bone of the orbit.
true
Two check ligaments limit the movement of the lateral and medial recti.
true
The lacrimal canals are located at the minute orifices called punctum lacrimale.
true
The sclera and iris form the external tunic of the eye.
false
Conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the sclera.
false
The cornea consists of four layers.
true
The choroid is a thick, reddish, highly vascular membrane that makes up the anterior five-sixths of the eye.
false
The ciliary body is similar in structure to the choroid but contains larger vessels.
true
The term iris means rainbow.
true
The retina makes up the inner tunic of the eye.
true
The crystalline lens is situated behind the pupil.
true
Symptoms of retinal detachment include flashes of light or large spots in the vision.
true
The posterior cavity of the eye lies in front of the lens and contains two chambers.
false
The posterior cavity of the eye is larger than the anterior cavity.
true
The anterior chamber of the eye contains vitreous humor.
false
Glaucoma is the leading cause of blindness in the United States.
true
Vitreous humor helps keep the eyeball from collapsing.
true
__is removing the eye completely.
enucleation
is removing the contents of the eyeball.
evisceration
A(n) ___is a corneal transplant.
keratoplasty
IOL stands for ___
intraocular lens
__ is sometimes used instead of gas to keep the retina attached postoperatively.
silicone oil
The ___is the extrinsic eye muscle that rotates the eye upward and toward the midline.
Superior rectus
The ___is the extrinsic eye muscle that rotates the eye toward the midline.
Medial rectus
The___ is the eyeball in its entirety.
globe
The ____forceps is used for holding the edges of corneal and scleral incisions.
colibri
The ___probe is used for probing the lacrimal duct.
bowman
___gloves should be used if available.
non-powdered
Periodically irrigate the eye using a bulb syringe filled with___
bss
The ___glands are a type of sebaceous gland.
meibomian
The__ is a thin, circular-shaped membrane suspended in the aqueous humor between the cornea and crystalline lens.
iris
The ___is a space located between the cornea and iris.
anterior chamber
___humor flows through the space between the cornea and iris to provide nourishment to the tissues of the eye and maintain the shape of the eye.
aqueous
__ is removal of a section of iris tissue.
Iridectomy
The___ muscle rotates the eye upward and laterally.
Inferior oblique
The ___makes up the inner tunic and is the nervous membrane on which images are recorded.
retina
Located in the middle region of the retina is the yellowish structure called the macula__
lutea
For Ophthalmic surgical interventions the CST should know that the anterior chamber of the eye contains ___________and the posterior chamber contains _______.
aqueous humor, vitreous humor
During ophthalmic procedures the CST must periodically irrigate the eye using ________ to prevent corneal drying.
BSS
The CST scrubbed on the ___________ ophthalmic procedure must ensure that the donor tissue is in the room prior to patient intubation.
keratoplasty
The pathology associated with the surgical intervention iridectomy is _______?
glaucoma
During ophthalmic procedures, once gowned & gloved the CST should ensure that the surgeon?
removes any powder from his gloves
A patient diagnosed with a misalignment or deviation of the eyes, might be scheduled for the following surgical intervention?
Strabismus
The patients diagnosis was opacified lens OD, the CST should expect the surgical schedule to reflect the following surgical intervention?
Cataract extraction, right eye
Use of the phaco hand piece and phacoemulsification should associated with the following surgical intervention?
cataract extraction
For most ophthalmic procedures the anesthesiologist will perform a _______ Block.
retrobulbar
The __________________surgical instrument is essential for the surgeon in resection or recession of the extrinsic eye muscle.
Castroviejo caliper
how to drape the microscope
The microscope can either be draped or reusable sterile handles placed on the knobs. The ST would have to hold the drape like the mayo cover (will hold it where ST can see the instructions) and extend the drape into the microscope, and once the drape is i
Why is it extremely important that all personnel in this procedure wear powder-free gloves during eye procedures?
Nonpowdered gloves should be used, and if not available, the powder should be thoroughly removed from the gloves from all personnel during an eye procedure to prevent formation of post-operative granulation of the eye.