Sadlier-Oxford Vocabulary Workshop Level G Units 1-8

articulate

(v.) to pronounce distinctly; to express well in words; to connect by a joint or joints; (adj.) expressed clearly and forcefully; able to employ language clearly and forcefully; jointed

cavort

(v.) to romp or prance around exuberantly; to make merry

credence

(n.) belief, mental acceptance

decry

(v.) to condemn, express strong disapproval; to officially depreciate

dissemble

(v.) to disguise or conceal; deliberately give a false impression

distraught

(adj.) very much agitated or upset as a result of emotion or mental conflict

eulogy

(n.) a formal statement of commendation; high praise

evince

(v.) to display clearly, to make evident, to provoke

exhume

(v.) to remove from a grave; to bring to light

feckless

(adj.) lacking in spirit and strength; ineffective, weak; irresponsible, unreliable

murky

(adj.) dark and gloomy, obscure; lacking in clarity and precision

nefarious

(adj.) wicked, depraved, devoid of moral standards

piquant

(adj.) stimulating to the taste or mind; spicy, pungent; appealingly provocative

primordial

(adj.) developed or created at the very beginning; going back to the most ancient times or earliest stage; fundamental, basic

propinquity

(n.) nearness in place or time; kinship

unwonted

(adj.) not usual or expected; not in character

utopian

(adj.) founded upon or involving a visionary view of an ideal world; impractical

verbiage

(n.) language that is too wordy or inflated in proportion to the sense or content, wordiness; a manner of expression

verdant

(adj.) green in tint or color; immature in experience or judgment

viscous

(adj.) having a gelatinous or gluey quality, lacking in easy movement or fluidity

accost

(v.) to approach and speak to first; to confront in a challenging or aggressive way

animadversion

(n.) a comment indicating strong criticism or disapproval

avid

(adj.) desirous of something to the point of greed; intensely eager

brackish

(adj.) having a salty taste and unpleasant to drink

celerity

(n.) swiftness, rapidity of motion or action

devious

(adj.) straying or wandering from a straight or direct course; done or acting in a shifty or underhanded way

gambit

(n.) in chess, an opening move that involves risk or sacrifice of a minor piece in order to gain a later advantage; any opening move of this type

halcyon

(n.) a legendary bird identified with the kingfisher; (adj.) of or relating to the halcyon; calm, peaceful; happy, golden; prosperous, affluent

histrionic

(adj.) pertaining to actors and their techniques; theatrical, artificial; melodramatic

incendiary

(adj.) deliberately setting or causing fires; designed to start fires; tending to stir up strife or rebellion; (n.) one who deliberately sets fires, arsonist; one who causes strife

maelstrom

(n.) a whirlpool of great size and violence; a situation resembling a whirlpool in violence and destruction
SYN: vortex, chaos, turbulence, tumult

myopic

(adj.) nearsighted; lacking a broad, realistic view of a situation; lacking foresight or discernment

overt

(adj.) open, not hidden, expressed or revealed in a way that is easily recognized

pejorative

(adj.) tending to make worse; expressing disapproval or disparagement, derogatory, deprecatory, belittling

propriety

(n.) the state of being proper, appropriateness; (pl.) standards of what is proper or socially acceptable

sacrilege

(n.) improper or disrespectful treatment of something held sacred

summarily

(adv.) without delay or formality; briefly, concisely

suppliant

(adj.) asking humbly and earnestly; (n.) one who makes a request humbly and earnestly, a petitioner, suitor

talisman

(n.) an object that serves as a charm or is believed to confer magical powers, an amulet, fetish

undulate

(v.) to move in waves or with a wavelike motion; to have a wavelike appearance or form

acquisitive

(adj.) able to get and retain ideas or information; concerned with acquiring wealth or property

arrogate

(v.) to claim or take without right

banal

(adj.) hackneyed, trite, commonplace

belabor

(v.) to work on excessively; to thrash soundly

carping

(adj.) tending to find fault, especially in a petty, nasty, or hairsplitting way; (n.) petty, nagging criticism

coherent

(adj.) holding or sticking together; making a logical whole; comprehensible, meaningful

congeal

(v.) to change from liquid to solid, thicken; to make inflexible or rigid

emulate

(v.) to imitate with the intent of equaling or surpassing the model

encomium

(n) formal expression of praise, a lavish tribute

eschew

(v.) to avoid, shun, keep away from

germane

(adj.) relevant, appropriate, apropos, fitting

insatiable

(adj.) so great or demanding as not to be satisfied

intransigent

(adj.) refusing to compromise, irreconcilable

invidious

(adj.) offensive, hateful; tending to cause bitterness and resentment

largesse

(n.) generosity in giving; lavish or bountiful contributions

reconnaissance

(n.) a survey made for military purposes; any kind of preliminary inspection or examination

substantiate

(v.) to establish by evidence, prove; to give concrete or substantial form to

taciturn

(adj.) habitually silent or quiet, inclined to talk very little

temporize

(v.) to stall or act evasively in order to gain time, avoid a confrontation, or postpone a decision; to compromise

tenable

(adj.) capable of being held or defended

allay

(v.) to calm or pacify, set to rest; to lessen or relieve

bestial

(adj.) beastlike; beastly, brutal; subhuman in intelligence and sensibility

convivial

(adj.) festive, sociable, having fun together, genial

coterie

(n.) a circle of acquaintances; a close-knit, often exclusive, group of people with a common interest

counterpart

(n.) a person or thing closely resembling or corresponding to another; a complement

demur

(v.) to object or take exception to; (n.) an objection

effrontery

(n.) shameless boldness, impudence

embellish

(v.) to decorate, adorn, touch up; to improve by adding details

ephemeral

(adj.) lasting only a short time, short-lived

felicitous

(adj.) appropriate, apt, well chosen; marked by well-being or good fortune, happy

furtive

(adj.) Done slyly or stealthily, sneaky, secret, shifty; stolen

garish

(adj) glaring; tastelessly showy or overdecorated in a vulgar or offensive way

illusory

(adj.) misleading, deceptive; lacking in or not based on reality

indigent

(adj.) needy, impoverished

inordinate

(adj.) far too great, exceeding reasonable limits, excessive

jettison

(v.) to cast overboard, get rid of as unnecessary or burdensome

misanthrope

(n.) a person who hates or despises people

pertinacious

(adj.) very persistent; holding firmly to a course of action or a set of beliefs; hard to get rid of, refusing to be put off or denied

picayune

(adj.) of little value or importance, paltry, measly; concerned with trifling matters, small-minded

raiment

(n.) clothing, garments

abject

deserving contempt; sunk to a low condition; wretched

agnostic

(n.) one who believes that nothing can be known about God; a skeptic; (adj.) without faith, skeptical

complicity

(n.) involvement in wrongdoing; the state of being an accomplice

derelict

(n) someone or something that is abandoned or neglected;
(adj) left abandoned; neglectful of duty

diatribe

(n.) a bitter and prolonged verbal attack

effigy

(n.) a crude image of a despised person

equity

(n.) the state of being just, fair, or impartial; fair and equal treatment; something that is fair; the money value of a property above and beyond any mortgage or other claim

inane

(adj.) silly, empty of meaning or value

indictment

(n.) the act of accusing; a formal accusation

indubitable

(adj.) certain, not to be doubted or denied

intermittent

(adj.) stopping and beginning again, sporadic

moot

(adj.) open to discussion and debate, unresolved; (v.) to bring up for discussion; (n.) a hypothetical law case argued by students

motif

(n.) a principal idea, feature, theme, or element; a repeated or dominant figure in a design

neophyte

(n.) a new convert, beginner, novice

perspicacity

(n.) keenness in observing and understanding

plenary

(adj.) complete in all aspects or essentials; absolute; attended by all qualified members

surveillance

(n.) a watch kept over a person; careful, close, and disciplined observation

sylvan

(adj.) pertaining to or characteristic of forests; living or located in a forest; wooded, woody

testy

(adj.) easily irritated; characterized by impatience and exasperation

travesty

(n.) a grotesque or grossly inferior imitation; a disguise, especially the clothing of the opposite sex; (v.) to ridicule by imitating in a broad or burlesque fashion

acuity

sharpness (particularly of the mind or senses)

delineate

to portray, sketch, or describe in accurate and vivid detail; to represent pictorially

depraved

marked by evil and corruption, devoid of moral principles

enervate

to weaken or lessen the mental, moral, or physical vigor of; enfeeble, hamstring

esoteric

intended for or understood by only a select few, private, secret

fecund

fruitful in offspring or vegetation; intellectually productive

fiat

an arbitrary order or decree; a command or act of will or consciousness

figment

a fabrication of the mind; an arbitrary notion

garner

to acquire as the result of effort; to gather and store away, as for future use

hallow

to set apart as holy or sacred, sanctify, consecrate; to honor greatly, revere

idiosyncrasy

a peculiarity that serves to distinguish or identify

ignominy

shame and disgrace

mundane

earthly, worldly, relating to practical and material affairs; concerned with what is ordinary

nuance

a subtle or slight variation (as in color, meaning, quality), delicate gradation or shade of difference

overweening

conceited, presumptuous; excessive, immoderate

penchant

a strong attraction or inclination

reputed

according to reputation or general belief; having widespread acceptance and good reputation; alleged

sophistry

reasoning that seems plausible but is actually unsound; a fallacy

sumptuous

costly, rich, magnificent

ubiquitous

present or existing everywhere

allege

to assert without proof or confirmation

arrant

thoroughgoing, out-and-out; shameless, blatant

badinage

light and playful conversation

conciliate

to overcome the distrust of, win over; to appease, pacify; to reconcile, make consistent

countermand

to cancel or reverse one order or command with another that is contrary to the first

echelon

one of a series of grades in an organization or field of activity; an organized military unit; a steplike formation or arrangement

exacerbate

to make more violent, severe, bitter, or painful

fatuous

stupid or foolish in a self-satisfied way

irrefutable

impossible to disprove; beyond argument

juggernaut

a massive and inescapable force or object that crushes whatever is in its path

lackadaisical

lacking spirit or interest, halfhearted

litany

a prayer consisting of short appeals to God recited by the leader alternating with responses from the congregation; any repetitive chant; a long list

macabre

grisly, gruesome; horrible, distressing; having death as a subject

paucity

an inadequate quantity, scarcity, dearth

portend

to indicate beforehand that something is about to happen; to give advance warning of

raze

to tear down, destroy completely; to cut or scrape off or out

recant

to withdraw a statement or belief to which one has previously been committed, renounce, retract

saturate

to soak thoroughly, fill to capacity; to satisfy fully

saturnine

of a gloomy or surly disposition; cold or sluggish in mood

slough

to cast off, discard; to get rid of something objectionable or unnecessary; to plod through as if through mud; a mire; a state of depression

atrophy

n. the wasting away of a body organ or tissue; any progressive decline or failure
v. to waste away

bastion

n. a fortified place, stronghold

concord

n. a state of agreement, harmony, unanimity; a treaty, pact, covenant

consummate

adj. complete or perfect in the highest degree
v. to bring a state of completion or perpection

disarray

n. disorder, confusion
v. to throw into disorder

exigency

n., often pl. urgency, pressure; urgent demand, pressing need; an emergency

flotsam

n. floating debris; homeless, impoverished people

frenetic

adj. frenzied, highly agitated

glean

v. to gather bit by bit; to gather small quantities of grain left in a field by the reapers

grouse

n. a type of game bird; a complaint
v. to complain, grumble

incarcerate

v. to imprison, confine, jail

incumbent

adj. obligatory, required
n. one who holds a specific office at the time spoken

jocular

adj. humorous, jesting, jolly, joking

ludicrous

adj. ridiculous, laughable, absurd

mordant

adj. biting or caustic in thought, manner, or style; sharply or bitterly harsh

nettle

n. a prickly or stinging plant
v. to arouse displeasure, impatience, or anger; to vex or irritate severely

pecuniary

adj. consisting of or measured in money; of or related to money

pusillanimous

adj. contemptibly cowardly or mean-spirited

recumbent

adj. in a reclining position, lying down, in the posture of one sleeping or resting

stratagem

n. a scheme to outwit or deceive an opponent or to gain an end