100 Words Every High School Graduate Should Know

Abjure

to formally reject a belief (recant)

Abrogate

to formally abolish (revoke)

Abstemious

moderate in eating and drinking (ascetic)

Acumen

keen insight (discernment)

Antebellum

before the war (especially the American civil war)

Auspicious

promising success (propitious)

Belie

to be in contradiction with (misrepresent)

Bellicose

eager to fight (pugnacious)

Bowdlerize

to remove objectional content from a written work (expurgate)

Chicanery

artful deception (subterfuge)

Chromosome

threadlike DNA-containing structure

Churlish

lacking manner (boorish)

Circumlocution

indirect expression (rambling)

Circumnavigate

to travel around

Deciduous

shedding seasonally (ephemeral)

Deleterious

harmful to health (injurious)

Diffident

lacking self-confidence (unassertive)

Enervate

to weaken mentally or morally; lacking strength

Enfranchise

to set free; to grant the right to vote

Epiphany

sudden realization

Equinox

day of equal day and night (March 22; September 21)

Euro

official common currency of the EU

Evanescent

fading away

Expurgate

to remove objectionable content from written work

Facetious

joking, often inappropriately

Fatuous

foolish

Feckless

without purpose

Fiduciary

financial person; related to public trust, esp. regarding currency

Filibuster

to obstruct legislation, esp. by long speeches; exceptionally long speech meant to prevent legislation

Gamete

male or female sexual reproductive cell

Gauche

lacking social grace

Gerrymander

to divide a geopolitical region to favor a political party's votership; a redrawing of a region's boundaries

Hegemony

predominant influence of one nation over another

Hemoglobin

oxygen-carrying pigment of red blood cells

Homogeneous

of the same kind; essentially alike

Hubris

excessive pride or self-confidence

Hypotenuse

the side of a right triangle opposite the right angle

Impeach

to accuse (a public official) of misconduct

Incognito

having one's identity concealed

Incontrovertible

not open to question

Inculcate

to teach by repetition (Latin word for trample)

Infrastructure

underlying framework of a system

Interpolate

to estimate the value of; to insert words into the middle of a text

Irony

the use of words to express the opposite of the literal meaning; discrepancy in expected and actual results; discrepancy between character's knowledge and the audience's

Jejune

dull; immature

Kinetic

relating to motion

Kowtow

(Mandarin origins) to act in a servile manner

Laissez Faire

governmental theory stating government shouldn't interfere with economy; to let act in freedom

Lexicon

vocabulary of language or people; book containing words and definitions

Loquacious

talkative

Lugubrious

dismal

Metamorphosis

complete change of substance or appearance

Mitosis

cell division resulting in chromosomes

Moiety

one of two parts of a group or tribe

Nanotechnology

design of tiny things

Nihilism

philosophical rejection of established laws and institutions

Nomenclature

system of names used in particular field or community

Nonsectarian

not limited to specific religious denomination

Notarize

to certify a document with a signature

Obsequious

overly obedient or servile

oligarchy

rule by few

omnipotent

all powerful

orthography

study of how letters are arranged

oxidize

to combine with oxygen; to rust

parabola

mathematical curve

paradigm

a typical example, a system of ideas

parameter

limiting factor or boundary

pecuniary

involving money

photosynthesis

process by which green plants convert CO2 into oxygen

Plagiarize

to copy another person's idea and claim as original

plasma

clear, yellowish fluid component of blood

polymer

strong compound with competing small molecules

precipitous

with excessive or careless speed; very steep

quasar

distant yet high energy astronomical object

quotidian

commonplace; daily

recapitulate

to restate briefly

reciprocal

mutual

reparation

repayment for damage, loss or suffering; sum of money paid by victorious country to the defeated one

respiration

breathing

sanguine

cheerfully optimistic; reddish

Soliloquy

self revealing monologue delivered alone on stage

subjugate

to make submissive or servile

suffragist

an advocate for the right to vote (especially for women)

supercilious

full of comtempt or arrogance

tautology

needless repition of an idea, especially through words

Taxonomy

the study, technique or study of classification

tectonic

of or pertaining to structure

tempestuous

stormy or turbulent

thermodynamics

physics of energy

totalitarian

controlling the freedom, will or thought of others

unctuous

greasy; insincerely pious or moralistic

usurp

to seize and hold without legal right

vacuous

lacking ideas; unitelligent

vehement

with conviction

vortex

whirling mass or air, water, fire or energy

winnow

to separate by fanning; often appears with down

wrought

worked; produced by beating with a hammer

xenophobe

person who fears or hates foreign people or foreign things

yeoman

a worker; manual laborer

ziggurat

ancient Mesopotamian, pyramid-like structure