acknowledging a risk but taking no action to address it
acceptance
the ability that provides tracking of events
accounting
multiyear intrusion campaign that targets highly sensitive economic, proprietary, or national security information.
Advanced Persistent Threat (APT)
an item that has value
asset
the steps that ensure that the individual is who he or she claims to be
authentication
the act of providing permission or approval to technology resources
authorization
security actions that ensure that data is accessible to authorized users.
availability
attacker who sells knowledge of a vulnerability to other attackers or government
broker
the practice of allowing users to use their own personal devices to connect to an organizational network
BYOD (bring your own device)
the first state electronic privacy law, which covers any state agency, person, or company that does business in California
California's Database Security Breach Notification Act
security actions that ensure that only authorized parties can view information
confidentiality
a systematic outline of the steps of a cyberattack, introduced at Lockheed Martin in 2011
Cyber Kill Chain
targeted attacks against financial networks, unauthorized access to information, and theft of personal information.
cybercrime
a network of attackers, identity thieves, spammers, and financial fraudsters
cybercriminals
a premeditated, politically motivated attack against information, computer programs, and data which often results in violence
cyberterrorism
attacker whose motivation may be defined as ideological, or attacking for the sake of principals or beliefs
cyberterrorists
understanding the attacker and then informing him of the consequences of the action
deterrence
automated attack package that can be used without an advanced knowledge of computers
exploit kit
A U.S. law that requires banks and financial institutions to alert customers of their policies and practices in disclosing customer information
Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA)
attacker who attacks for idealogical reasons that are generally not as well defined as a cyberterrorists' motivation
hactivist
A U.S. law designed to guard protected health information and implement policies and procedures to safeguard it
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
stealing another persons personal information, such as a Social Security number, and then using the information to impersonate the victim, generally for financial gain
identity theft
the tasks of protecting the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of information on the devices to store, manipulate, and transmit the information through products, people, and procedures
information security
employees, contractors, and business partners who can be responsible for an attack
insiders
security actions that ensure that the information and is correct and no authorized person or malicious software has altered the data
integrity
addressing a risk by making it less serious
mitigation
a set of security standards that all U.S. companies processing, storing, or transmitting credit card information must follow
Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS)
a situation that involves exposure to danger
risk
identifying the risk but making the decision to not engage in the activity
risk avoidance
A U.S. law designed to fight corporate corruption
Sarbanes-Oxley Act (Sarbox)
individual who lacks advance knowledge of computers and networks and so uses downloaded automated attack software to attack information systems
script kiddie
attacker commissioned by governments to attack enemies information systems
state-sponsored attacker
a type of action that has the potential to cause harm
threat
a person or element that has the power to carry out a threat
threat agent
the probability that a threat will actually occur
threat liklihood
the means by which an attack could occur
threat vector
transferring the risk to a third party
transference
a flaw or weakness that allows a threat agent to bypass security
vulnerability