What are the basic emotions?
A.) Joy, Anger, fear, sadness, surprise and disgust.
At what age do children begin to express basic emotions?
During their 1st year
How are complex emotions different from basic emotions?
Children's understanding of themselves enables them to experience complex emotions. Basic Emotions are experience by people worldwide and each consists of 3 elements: A subjective feeling, a physiological change and an overt behavior.
complex emotions; When do they develop?
18 to 24 months
What did we learn about WWII orphanages?
The orphanages were clean but still children died. Files report that the children did not die from a broken heart. Attachments are associations between feeding and mothers.
What did we learn from the Harlow monkey studies?
Contact comfort is more important to Nutrition and leads to emotional security.
Be able to describe Harlow's study
In Harlow's initial experiments infant monkeys were separated from their mothers at six to twelve hours after birth and were raised instead with substitute or 'surrogate' mothers made either of heavy wire or of wood covered with soft terry cloth. In one e
What is attachment?
An enduring social emotional relationship between infants an their caregivers.
What is interactional synchrony?
Interactional synchrony relates to the timing and pattern of the interaction. The interaction is rhythmic and can include infant and caregiver mirroring each other's behavior and emotion. The infant and caregiver's behaviors and affect are synchronized be
Internal working models?
Infants develop a set of expectations about parent's availability and responsiveness; thought to influence close relationships throughout child's life.
How is attachment measured?
Mary Ainsworth developed an experimental procedure in order to observe the variety of attachment forms exhibited between mothers and infants. The procedure, known as the 'Strange Situation', was conducted by observing the behavior of the infant in a serie
How do children benefit from a secure attachment?
� Better problem solvers at age 2
� More creative
� More attractive as playmates
� More likely to initiate play activities
� Sensitive to needs and feelings of others
� Curious
� Self-directed
� Eager to learn
What is social referencing?
Behavior in which infants in unfamiliar or ambiguous environments look at an adult for cues to help them interpret the situation.
Know Erikson's 1st 3 stages of Psychosocial Development.
Infancy Basic Trust vs. Mistrust Hope
With proper balance infants can acquire hope which is an openness to new experience tempered by wariness that discomfort or danger may arise
Know Erikson's 1st 3 stages of Psychosocial Development.
1- 3 years Autonomy vs. Shame Will
Children gradually come to know independence and realize they can control their actions. It is counteracted by doubt however in demanding situations and shame that may result in failure. A blend of autonomy, shame, and d
Know Erikson's 1st 3 stages of Psychosocial Development.
3-5 Years Initiative vs. Guilt Purpose
Purpose is achieved with a balance between individual initiative and a willingness to cooperate with others.