latency stage
in psychoanalytic theory, the fourth stage of psychosexual development, characterized by repression of sexual impulses and development of skills
industry versus inferiority
the stage of psychosocial development in Erikson's theory occurring in middle childhood. Mastery of tasks leads to a sense of industry , whereas failure produces feelings of inferiority
social cognition
development of children's understanding of the relationship between self and others
learned helplessness
an acquired(hence, learned)belief that one is unable to control one's enviornment
coreguation
gradual transferring of control from parent to child, beginning in middle childhood
transsexual
a person who would prefer to be a person of the other gender
pygmalion effect
positive self-fulfilling prophecy in which an individual comes to display improved performance because of the positive expectation of the people with whom he or she interacts
self fulfilling prophecy
an event that occurs because of the behavior of those who expect it to occur
sexism
discrimination or bias against people based on their sex
sexual harassment
umwelcome verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature
conduct disorders
marked by persistent breaking of the rules and violations of the rights of others
attributional style
the way in which one is disposed toward interpreting outcomes, as in tending to place blame or responsibility on oneself or on external factors
serotonin
neurotransmitter that is involved in mood disorders such as depression
generalized anxiety disorder
an anxiety disorder in which anxiety appears t be present continuously and is unrelated to the situation
phobia
irrational, excessive fear that interferes with one's functioning
separation anxiety disorder
an extreme form of otherwise normal separation anxiety that is characterized by anxiety about separating from parents; SAD often takes the form of refusal to go to school
school phobia
fear of attending school, marked by extreme anxiety at leaving parents
according to pschoanalytic theory, children in middle childhood are in the ________ stage of pyschosexual development
latency
erik erikson labeled the life crisis of middle childhood as ____________ vs inferiority
industry
selman described levels of ________- taking in childhood
perspective
during middle childhood, control is gradually transferred from parent to child in a process of known as ________
coregulation
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are most likely to be prescribed for a childhood
depression
teachers who expect more from students often get more. This is an example of a _________ prophecy
selffulfilling
children with ________disorders persistently break rules or violate the rights of others
conduct
children who are depressed are more likely than other children to attribute their failures and shortcomings to internal, stable, and ______ factors
global
in middle childhood, mother's interactions with children continue to revolve around______
caregiving
in their self concepts, children in middle childhood are more likely to focus on_____ traits than are children in early childhood
inner, personality, psychological
what happens to children's self esteem in middle childhood?
in declines
what kind of parenting contributes to high self- esteem in a child?
authoritative
how do 10 to 12 year olds evaluate their parents i middle childhood as compared to how they evaluated them in early childhood
more harshly
what is the likeihood that the children of lesbian or gay parents will have a lesbian or gay sexual orientation?
about the same as children raised by heterosexual parents
according to the text, the research about whether parents in conflict should remain together for the sake of the children shows that
it depends on how the parents behave in front of and toward their children
according to evolutionary theory, stepparents my be less devoted to rearing stepchildren because
people often behave as if they want their own genes to flourish in the next generation
all of the following are helpful ideas about talking to children about a divorce EXCEPT
waiting until the last minute
does maternal employment increase the likelihood that children will become delinquent
yes, but only if material employment is connected with lack of supervison
between the ages of 7 and 12, children see friends as
doing things for one another, with a focus on self interest
which of the following is accurate about bullies
they are more likely to have conduct disorders