1. The genetic endowment that most members of a particular species have in common is called
a. a phenotype. b. the collective unconscious.
c. eugenics. d. species heredity.
d. species heredity.
2. Most dogs bark but don't speak, and most humans speak but don't bark. This is best explained by
a. species heredity. b. meiosis.
c. individual heredity. d. mitosis.
a. species heredity.
3. All human babies, regardless of which culture they live in or which language is spoken around them, begin to babble
at about the same age. This is an example of
a. species heredity. b. natural selection.
c. mutation. d. recessive genetics.
a. species heredity
6. Kettlewell's research on the color of moths and their geographic location demonstrates the principle of
a. cultural evolution. b. social learning theory.
c. natural selection. d. concordance.
c. natural selection
7. In Kettlewell's research, the proportion of dark-colored moths increased as _____ increased.
a. pollution b. the use of outdoor lights
c. dark-colored beetles d. the number of trees
a. pollution
9. The belief that we inherit tried and true ways of adjusting to the environment from past generations is referred to as
a. crossing over. b. incomplete dominance.
c. concordance. d. cultural evolution.
d. cultural evolution.
12. At conception, the genetic material of the mother's ovum and the genetic material of the father's sperm unite,
creating a new cell called a(n)
a. embryo. b. gamete.
c. juvenile cell. d. zygote.
d. zygote.
16. Dr. Spock is using a microscope to observe a reproductive germ cell. He suddenly remarks, "That cell just
underwent meiosis!" What has Dr. Spock just seen?
a. One cell ingesting another cell
b. A cell dividing into new cells with twice as many chromos
d. A cell dividing into new cells with half of the chromosomes of the original reproductive cell
19. Following mitosis, each daughter cell has _____ number of chromosomes as that of the mother cell.
a. half of the b. twice the
c. four times the d. the same
d. the same
22. Scientists estimate that the average human cell contains about _____ genes.
a. 200-250 b. 20,000-25,000
c. 200,000-250,000 d. 2,000,000-250,000,000
b. 20,000-25,000
23. What was once thought to be "junk" DNA is now known to
a. function as templates for building proteins. b. control phenotypes.
c. regulate activity of other genes. d. determine genotypes.
c. regulate activity of other genes.
31. Identical twins occur when a(n) _____ divides to form two separate, individual cells.
a. gene b. fertilized ovum
c. gamete d. autosome
b. fertilized ovum
33. We know that two people have precisely 50 percent of their genes in common if they are
a. fraternal twins. b. identical twins.
c. parent and child. d. grandchild and grandparent.
c. parent and child.
35. In order to produce fraternal twins you must have two
a. X chromosomes. b. sperm.
c. Y chromosomes. d. recessive genes.
b. sperm.
38. In addition to the sex chromosomes, a typical human being has _____ pairs of autosomal chromosomes.
a. 46 b. 44
c. 23 d. 22
d. 22
39. Most cells of a typical male contain
a. two X chromosomes. b. two Y chromosomes.
c. one X and one Y chromosome. d. neither an X nor Y chromosome
c. one X and one Y chromosome