Human Anatomy & Physiology: Final Anatomy Review Flashcards

A(n) ____________ supplies blood to the heart?

Vein

A red blood cell would _________ in pure water?

Swell and burst

Which structures are finger like projections that greatly increase
the absorbing cells of surface?

Microvilli

The main component of the cytosol is ________.

Water

Crenation is likely to occur in blood cells in _____________ solution.

Hypertonic

The following statement is not true regarding diffusion.

The greater the concentration gradient, the faster the rate of diffusion

Smallest living unit inn the human body is the __________.

Cell

Some cells contain large numbers of mitochondria, while others have
few or none. This suggests _________?

Cells with largest number of mitochondria have high energy demand

Skin swells and puckers with a long bath. Bath water is a __________ solution.

Hypotonic

A person's interverebral disc

...

What tissue has a lacunae, calcium salts, and blood vessels?

Osseous tissues

Epithelial tissue ______________________.

Has a basement membrane

Pseudo-stratified ciliated columnar epithelium _____________________.

Lines respiratory tract

Matrix is composed of ___________________.

Cells and fibers

Fiber type that gives connective tissue its great tensile strength is _________________.

Collagen

Shape of external ear is maintained by __________________________.

Elastic Cartlidge

Study of the heart may incorporate many aspects of anatomy, but as a
whole you would say it is ___________________

Gross anatomy

Histology is defined as ___________.

Tissue Study

Increased rate of breathing as a result of an increase buildup of CO2
in blood stream would be ____________.

Excretion of Metabolic Waste

Average body temperature in C

37 degrees

What statement is true concerning feedback mechanism?

Negative feedback mechanism is necessary to prevent sudden severe
change with the body

Place the following in order -
tissue
molecule
atom
organ
cell

atom, molecule, cell, tissue, organ

In what abdominal cavity is the stomach?

LUC

Which if the following is a surviving need of the body?

Nutrients, Water, Atmosphere, Pressure, Oxygen

Which Element is necessary for proper conduction of nerve impulse

NA

A solution that has PH of 2 could be best described as being ___________?

Acidic

Which statement for enzymes is false ____________?

Enzymes raise activation energy needed to start reaction

What is dipole?

A polar molecule

Which of the following is not considered a factor in influencing a reaction?

Time

Which is true regarding the generation of a membrane potential?

both potassium and sodium ions can leak through the cell membrane due
to diffusion

The shape of the external ear is maintained by?

elastic cartlidge

Glands such as the thyroid that secrete their products directly into
the blood rather than through ducts are classified as _________________?

Endocrine

Epithelium appears to have 2 or 3 layers of cells, but all of these
cells are in contact with the basement membrane called ____________?

Psudostratified columnar

A multilayer epithelium with cuboidal basal cells and flat cells at
its surface would be classified as ___________?

Stratified squamous

Which is not considered a connective tissue?

Muscle

The first step in tissue repair involve _____________________?

Inflammation

Please ID this tissue:
*Simple Columnar epithelium
*Smooth Muscle
*Cardiac Muscle
*Skeletal Muscle
*Simple squamous epithelium

I believe it is skeletal - voluntary, striated, multi nucleated, non branched

ID A and the vertebral levels that give rise to it
ID B ________________

pending

ID A ________ nerve AND its sensory, Motor or Mixed?

pending

ID B __________________
ID C ___________ AND Describe the two compartments that it divides
the antebrachium into

Pending

THERMOREGULATION
*From the sensation of a hot environment
*To the control center
* To the effectors (vascular and sweat glands)
DESCRIBE HOW THIS PROCESS IS CARRIED OUT

pending

id #6________
Origin on #6 is______________

pending

What is the stimulation in this illustration?

pending

ID A ________________________
Give one very unique physio-chemical property that permits/causes
this attraction to occur _____________

pending

Describe where the gall bladder is located

pending

pending

ID A____________ (nerve)
It exits the skull via the _____________ foreamen

pending

Which letter, A or B best represents the extensor compartment

pending

Id B ________________
and the bone through which it passes?

pending

Id A __________
Id B _____________
ID C _____________
What is the special sense for which provides the association
area for C

pending

Id A
ID B
ID C
ID D
The neurotransmitter is synthesized primarily in the __________
(part of neuron)

pending

Explain the importance of enzymes within biological systems

pending

ID A __________
ID B ____________
ID C ____________

pending

ID this bone ______________
Tenn me what specific area it comes from ____________

Thoracic vertebrae

ID the type of muscle seen in this photomicrograph

pending

ID # 7 ____________
What is the innervation to #13?

pending

ID the Movement of B ________________and the primary agonist?
What does an antagonist do?

pending

What is the nerve to the diaphragm?
At what spinal root level does it (#12) originate

Phrenic Nerve
pending

ID AA ____________
ID C and tell which fivision of the autonomic nervous system
inervates with it

pending

ID B
What is the function of A

pending

ID C
Motor, sensory, or mixed?
ID B ___________

pending

ID B
What bone and foramen does it enter the cranial vault/calvaria?

pending

pending

pending

Each of the following are functions of the integument system except ___________

Synthesis of Vitamin C

The largest quantities of Keratin are found in the epidermal layer
called the ____________________

Stratum Corneum

Water loss due to evaporation of fluid that has penetrated through
the skin is termed ______ perspiration.

Insensible

Glands that discharge an oily secretion into hair follicles are
___________ glands.

Seabaceous

Earax is produced by _______________.

Ceruminous

An important vitamin that is formed in the skin when it is exposed to sunlight.

Vitamin D

A needle would pierce the epidermal layers at the forearm in which order?

Corneum, Granulosum, Spinosum, Basale

The Dermis has ________ Layers.

2 layers

Which of the following cutaneous receptors is specialized for the
reception of touch or light pressure?

Meisser's corpuscles

If a splinter penetrated the skin into the 2nd epidermal layer of the
sole of the foot, which cells would be damaged?

Lucidum

Dermis has 2 major layers; which if the following constitutes 80% of
the dermis and is responsible for the tension lines in the skin?

The reticular layer

The sebaceous glands are simple alveolar glands that secrete a
substance know as sebum. The secretion of sebum is stimulated by?

hormones, especially androgen's

What is the first threat to life from a massive 3rd degree burn?

Catastrophic fluid loss

Burns are devasting and debilitating because of loss of fluids and
electrolytes from the body. How do doctors estimate the extent of the
burn damage associated with such dangerous fluid loss?

By using rule of nines.

When the arrector pilli muscle contracts ______________

Goose bumps are formed

Function of a skeletal system

All of the above; calcium homostasis, BC production, protection of
internal organs, body support

A type of irregular shaped bones

Vertebrae

A rib is an example of a ____________ bone.

Flat

Cells that secrete organic compounds of bone matrix are called ___________.

Osteoblasts

Narrow passageways that contain cytoplasmic extensions of osteocyes
are called ____________.

Canaccilo

Central canal of osteon contains ______.

blood vessels

Shaft of a long bone is called __________.

diaphysis

Secondary ossification occurs where?

Epiphyses

Elevated levels of calcium in blood stimulates secretion of hormone
by ____________.

Calcitonin

When stress is applied to a bone ____________.

Minerals produce weal electrical signals that attract oseteoblasts

Small odd shaped bones that fill gaps in skulls are call __________.

Suture

A hole through a bone is called ____________.

foreamen

Structural units of mature, compact bones are called ___________.

Osteocytes

Articular cartilage of a long bone is composed of _________ cartilage.

Hyaline

When cartiliage is produced at the epiphyseal side of metaphysis, at
the same rate as bone is dependent of opposite side, they __________.

grow longer

Not part of axial skeleton _________.

Pectoral girdle

External acoustic meatus is a foramen in which skull bone?

Temporal

Smallest facial bone is ___________?

lacrimal bones

Lumbar vertebrae are most massive and __________ mobile?

Least

Fibrous connective tissue is called ___________, and accommodates
brain growth in infants.

Fontanels

Styloid process, zygomatic process, auditory ossicles all associate
with ___________ bone?

temporal

The sternum contains ____________.

all of the above; xiloid process, body, jug. notch, mandibrium

Most mammals including giraffes have _______________ cervical vertebrae.

seven

Part of the body that transports weight along axis are __________.

Verterbral body

____________ curves of the spine develop during fetal development.

Primary

While volunteering in outpatient clinic for underprivileged families,
you observe the nurse assessing an infant and mother had complained
about baby not eating and having diarrhea the last three days. The
nurse suspects possible dehydration when _______________.

checks anterior fontanels for depressions

The skull contaitns _____ bones.

22

Thoratic vertebrae can be distinguished from other vertebrae by the
presence of ______________.

facets for articulation of ribs

The odontoid process is found in the __________.

axis

Exaggerated lateral curvature is termed as ___________.

Scoloisis

There are ____________ carpal bones located in the wrist which form
___________ rows of bones.

02-Aug

In an anatomical position, ulna is located _________ to radius.

medial

Each coxal bone consists of 3 fused bones which are____________.

illum, ischium, pubis

Which is not a characteristic of the male pelvis??

Angel of pubic arch is greater than 100 degrees

which bone is the heel bone?

calcaneus

Medial bulge at ankle is a projection from the _________.

tibia

Which is a forearm bone?

radius

Surface feature present along the lateral border of the shaft of humans?

Deltoid tuberosity