Why are the male testes located in the scrotum outside the body?
Immature sperm are temperature sensitive.
Sperm are stored in the __________.
Epididymis
Genetic variation of individual chromosomes occurs during __________.
Prophase 1
What is the function of the blood-testis barrier?
to prevent activation of the immune system of the male against the
developing sperm
Which of the following is FALSE regarding the vagina of an adult
female?A) The vagina is also called the birth canal.B) The
vaginal mucosa lacks glands.|C) The mucosa of the vagina is
stratified squamous epithelium.D) The pH of the adult vagina is alkaline.
The pH of the adult vagina is alkaline.
A surge in __________ directly triggers ovulation.
luteinizing hormone (LH)
Why does only one egg, rather than four eggs, develop during
oogenesis, given that spermatogenesis results in four sperm formed
from one stem cell?
The unequal cytoplasmic division that results in one egg and three
polar bodies ensures that a fertilized egg has ample nutrients for its
journey to the uterus
What is the role of the corpus luteum?
to produce hormones that maintain the uterine lining during the first
months of pregnancy
During the secretory phase of the uterine cycle __________.
the endometrium prepares for implantation
Which of the following conditions might contribute to an increased
probability of having an ectopic pregnancy?A) reduced blood flow
to the ovariesB) decreased number of cilia in the uterine
tubesC) reduced number of granulosa cellsD) decreased rate
of formation of vesicular follicles
decreased number of cilia in the uterine tubes
The primary function of the uterus is to ________.
receive, retain, and nourish a fertilized ovum
True or False
The soft mucosal lining of the uterus is the endometrium.
TRUE
The sperm's acrosome ____________________.
contains enzymes, which allow the sperm to penetrate the egg.
These cells located in between seminiferous tubules produce
testosterone _______________
Interstitial
Fertilization generally occurs in the ________.
Fallopian tubes
During the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle ________.
progesterone levels are at their highest
Functions of testosterone include _______
facilitation of muscle and skeletal growth in mass
Normally menstruation occurs when ________.
blood levels of estrogen and progesterone decrease
The uterine layer which is shed with each monthly cycle is _________
the functional layer of endometrium.
Effects of estrogen include _______
growth of the breasts at puberty
Which is not a part of the proliferative phase of the female
menstrual cycle? A) late in this phase, cervical mucus becomes
thin and crystalline B) vesicular follicle growth C)
corpus luteum D) development of endometrial cells
C. Corpus Luteum
True or False
A human egg or sperm contains 23 pairs of chromosomes.
TRUE
True or False
Ovarian follicles contain mature eggs.
FALSE
Which of the following glands are responsible for 60% of the
synthesis of semen?A) the seminal vesiclesB) the
bulbourethral glandsC) the prostateD) the pituitary
the seminal vesicles
Which of the following constitutes the female counterpart of the male
scrotum?A) the clitorisB) the greater vestibular
glandsC) the labia majoraD) the mons pubis
the labia majora
Sperm freshly deposited in the female vagina are incapable of
fertilizing an egg. What must happen first?
Capacitation
Which of the following is the primary germ layer that forms the basis
for the digestive, respiratory, and urogenital systems, and for
associated glands?A) endodermB) gastrodermC)
ectodermD) mesoderm
endoderm
What structure(s) ultimately form(s) the placenta?
decidua basalis and chorionic villi
A dangerous complication of pregnancy called __________ results in an
insufficient placental blood supply, which can starve a fetus of
oxygen. The pregnant woman becomes edematous and hypertensive, and
proteinuria occurs.
Preeclampsia
Which of the following structures is derived from the
ectoderm?A) gonadsB) heartC) kidneyD) brain
and spinal cord
D) brain and spinal cord
Which body system of a pregnant woman shows the most dramatic
physiological changes during pregnancy?
Cardiovascular System
A pregnant woman with preeclampsia becomes edematous and
hypertensive. An effective way to treat these symptoms might be _____.
to use drugs that cause systemic vasodilatation
Developmental events during weeks 9-12 include ________.
sex readily detected from the genitals
During which stage of labor is the fetus delivered?
Expulsion stage
True or False
The period from fertilization through week eight is called the
embryonic period.
TRUE
Sperm move to the uterine tube through uterine contractions and the
energy of their own flagella. What other factor is involved in sperm movement?
reverse peristalsis of the uterus and uterine tubes
The umbilical arteries carry ________.
waste products to the placenta
An implantation that takes place in a site other than the uterus is
called ____________________.
ectopic
True or False
The two hormones responsible for initiating labor are thyroxine and
human chorionic thyrotropin.
FALSE
Failure of the foramen ovale to close at birth may result in ________.
mixing of oxygenated and non-oxygenated blood
True or False
hCG remains the dominant hormone throughout pregnancy.
FALSE
Relaxin is a hormone produced by the placenta and ovaries. The
function of this hormone is to ________.
Relax the pubic symphysis
It is impossible for sperm to be functional (able to fertilize the
egg) until after ________.
They undergo capacitation
The hormone that induces labor and controls labor via a positive
feedback mechanism is ____________________.
Oxytocin
When does the true moment of fertilization occur?
it occurs as the maternal and paternal chromosomes combine and
produce the diploid ZYGOTE, or fertilized egg.