Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 20 Flashcards

1) Axillary node(s).

Answer: B

2) Cisterna chyli.

Answer: D

3) Entrance of thoracic duct into subclavian vein.

Answer: A

4) Thoracic duct.

Answer: C

5) Lymphatic collecting vessels.

Answer: E

6) Efferent vessels.

Answer: E

7) Cortex.

Answer: C

8) Medullary cord.

Answer: D

9) Trabecula.

Answer: A

10) Medulla.

Answer: D

11) Protein- containing fluid within lymphatic vessels.
A) Spleen
B) Lymph
C) Thoracic duct
D) Peyer's patches
E) Lymph nodes

B) Lymph

12) Stores blood platelets.
A) Spleen
B) Lymph
C) Thoracic duct
D) Peyer's patches
E) Lymph nodes

A) Spleen

13) Receives lymph from most of the body.
A) Spleen
B) Lymph
C) Thoracic duct
D) Peyer's patches
E) Lymph nodes

C) Thoracic duct

14) Small organs intimately associated with lymphatic vessels.
A) Spleen
B) Lymph
C) Thoracic duct
D) Peyer's patches
E) Lymph nodes

E) Lymph nodes

15) Largest lymphatic organ.
A) Spleen
B) Lymph
C) Thoracic duct
D) Peyer's patches
E) Lymph nodes

A) Spleen

16) Isolated clusters of lymph follicles found in the wall of the
small intestine.
A) Spleen
B) Lymph
C) Thoracic duct
D) Peyer's patches
E) Lymph nodes

D) Peyer's patches

17) Peyer's patches are clusters of lymphoid tissue found primarily
in the large intestine.

FALSE

18) The lymphatic capillaries function to absorb the excess protein-
containing interstitial fluid and
return it to the bloodstream.

TRUE

19) Lymph capillary permeability is due to minivalves and protein filaments.

TRUE

20) Lymphatic capillaries are permeable to proteins.

TRUE

21) Digested fats are absorbed from the intestine by the lymph capillaries.

TRUE

22) Chyle is delivered to the blood via the lymphatic system.

TRUE

23) There are more efferent lymphatic vessels leaving a lymph node
than there are afferent vessels entering a lymph node.

FALSE

24) About 3 liters of fluid are lost to the tissue spaces every 24
hours and are returned to the bloodstream as lymph.

TRUE

25) Because lymph vessels are very low- pressure conduits, movements
of adjacent tissues are important in propelling lymph through the lymphatics.

TRUE

26) Lymphoid tissue is mainly reticular connective tissue.

TRUE

27) Lymphocytes reside temporarily in lymphoid tissue, then move to
other parts of the body.

TRUE

28) All the lymphoid organs are well developed before birth.

FALSE

29) Like blood, lymph flows both to and from the heart.

FALSE

30) When tissues are inflamed, lymphatic capillaries develop openings
that permit uptake of large particles such as cell debris, pathogens,
and cancer cells.

TRUE

31) The cisterna chyli collects lymph from the lumbar trunks draining
the upper limbs and from the intestinal trunk draining the digestive organs.

FALSE

32) If even a small part of the spleen is left in a ten- year- old
child, it will most likely regenerate itself.

TRUE

33) In the spleen, red pulp is involved in the immune functions and
white pulp is involved in disposing of worn- out RBCs.

FALSE

34) The most important role of the spleen is to provide a site for
lymphocyte proliferation and immune surveillance and response.

FALSE

35) The simplest lymphoid organs are the lymph nodes.

FALSE

36) Small organs associated with lymphatic vessels are termed ________.
A) lymph follicles
B) lymphatics
C) lymph nodes
D) lacteals

C) lymph nodes

37) Which of the following would not be classified as a lymphatic structure?
A) tonsils
B) pancreas
C) Peyer's patches of the intestine
D) spleen

B) pancreas

38) Which of the following statements regarding the thymus is not true?
A) It functions strictly in T lymphocyte maturation.
B) It has follicles similar to those in the spleen.
C) It does not fight antigens.
D) Its stroma consists of epithelial tissue.


B) It has follicles similar to those in the spleen.

39) Lymph transport involves all but which of the following?
A) lymph capillary minivalve action
B) milking action of active muscle fibers
C) smooth muscle contraction in the lymph capillary walls
D) thorax pressure changes during breathing

C) smooth muscle contraction in the lymph capillary walls

40) The thymus is most active during ________.
A) fetal development
B) childhood
C) old age
D) middle age

B) childhood

41) Which lymphatic structure drains lymph from the right upper limb
and the right side of the head and thorax?
A) lumbar trunk
B) cisterna chyli
C) thoracic duct
D) right lymphatic duct

D) right lymphatic duct

42) Which of the following is not a part of the lymphatic system?
A) erythrocytes
B) lymphatic vessels
C) lymph nodes
D) lymph

A) erythrocytes

43) The lymphatic capillaries are ________.
A) less permeable than blood capillaries
B) as permeable as blood capillaries
C) completely impermeable
D) more permeable than blood capillaries

D) more permeable than blood capillaries

44) Antibodies that act against a particular foreign substance are
released by ________.
A) medullary cords
B) T lymphocytes
C) lymph nodes
D) plasma cells

D) plasma cells

45) Lymph leaves a lymph node via ________.
A) afferent lymphatic vessels
B) efferent lymphatic vessels
C) the cortical sinus
D) the subcapsular sinus

B) efferent lymphatic vessels

46) Which cells become immunocompetent due to thymic hormones?
A) macrophages
B) lymphocytes
C) basophils
D) monocytes

B) lymphocytes

47) Functions of the spleen include all of those below except ________.
A) removal of old or defective blood cells from the blood
B) storage of iron
C) storage of blood platelets
D) forming crypts that trap bacteria

D) forming crypts that trap bacteria

48) When the lymphatic structures of a limb are blocked due to
tumors, the result is ________.
A) severe localized edema distal to the blockage of that limb
B) abnormally high lymph drainage from the distal region
C) increased pressure in the lymphatics proximal in the limb to the blockage
D) shrinkage of tissues distal in the limb to the blockage due to
inadequate delivery of lymph

A) severe localized edema distal to the blockage of that limb

49) Select the correct statement about lymph transport.
A) Under normal conditions, lymph vessels are very high- pressure conduits.
B) Lymph transport depends on the movement of adjacent tissues,
such as skeletal muscles.
C) Lymph transport is faster than that occurring in veins.
D) Lymph transport is only necessary when illness causes tissue swelling.

B) Lymph transport depends on the movement of adjacent tissues, such
as skeletal muscles.

50) Select the correct statement about lymphocytes.
A) T cells are the precursors of B cells.
B) B cells produce plasma cells, which secrete antibodies into the blood.
C) T cells are the only form of lymphocyte found in lymphoid tissue.
D) The two main types are T cells and macrophages.

B) B cells produce plasma cells, which secrete antibodies into the blood.

51) Select the correct statement about lymphoid tissue.
A) T lymphocytes act by ingesting foreign substances.
B) Lymphoid macrophages secrete antibodies into the blood.
C) Lymphoid tissue is predominantly reticular connective tissue.
D) Once a lymphocyte enters the lymphoid tissue, it resides there permanently.

C) Lymphoid tissue is predominantly reticular connective tissue.

52) Lymphoid tissue that appears as a swelling of the mucosa in the
oral cavity is called a(n) ________.
A) Peyer's patch
B) thymus
C) appendix
D) tonsil

D) tonsil

53) Which of the following does not contain a mucosa- associated
lymphatic tissue?
A) appendix
B) tonsil
C) Peyer's patch
D) thymus

D) thymus

54) Peyer's patches are found in the ________.
A) jejunum of the small intestine
B) ileum of the small intestine
C) duodenum of the small intestine
D) large intestine

B) ileum of the small intestine

55) Lymph capillaries are absent in all except which of the following?
A) CNS
B) bone marrow
C) bones and teeth
D) digestive organs

D) digestive organs

56) What is a bubo?
A) an infected lymph node
B) a lobe of the spleen
C) a wall in a lymph node
D) an infected Peyer's patch

A) an infected lymph node

57) The thymus is the only lymphoid organ that does not ________.
A) produce hormones
B) directly fight antigens
C) have a cortex and medulla
D) have lymphocytes

B) directly fight antigens

58) Large clusters of lymph nodes occur in all of the following
locations except the ________.
A) inguinal region
B) axillary region
C) cervical region
D) lower extremities

D) lower extremities

59) Digestive tract- associated lymphatic tissue includes all of the
following except ________.
A) palatine tonsils
B) Peyer's patches
C) lingual tonsils
D) islets of Langerhans

D) islets of Langerhans

60) Which of the following is not a method that maintains lymph flow?
A) breathing
B) capillary smooth muscle contraction
C) skeletal muscle contraction
D) valves in lymph vessel walls

B) capillary smooth muscle contraction

61) The tonsils located at the base of the tongue are the ________.
A) Peyer's tonsils
B) lingual tonsils
C) pharyngeal tonsils
D) palatine tonsils

B) lingual tonsils

62) Which of the following is not a normal component of lymph?
A) red blood cells
B) ions
C) water
D) plasma proteins

A) red blood cells

63) A sentinel node is ________.
A) a lymph node found in the intestinal lamina propria
B) the first node to receive lymph from an area suspected to be cancerous
C) a small node in the spleen
D) the first node at the junction of all the lumbar trunks

B) the first node to receive lymph from an area suspected to be cancerous

64) Which of the following are functions of lymphoid tissue?
A) house and provide a proliferation site for lymphocytes
B) house and provide a proliferation site for neutrophils
C) furnish an ideal surveillance vantage point for lymphocytes and macrophages
D) A and C

D) A and C

65) Which of the following is not a function of the lymphatic system?
A) carrying out immune responses
B) draining excess interstitial fluid
C) transporting respiratory gases
D) transporting dietary fats

C) transporting respiratory gases

66) Which of the following is not a function of lymph nodes?
A) act as lymph filters and activate the immune system
B) produce lymph fluid and cerebrospinal fluid
C) serve as antigen surveillance areas
D) produce lymphoid cells and house granular WBCs

B) produce lymph fluid and cerebrospinal fluid