acid-base indicator
A chemical dye whose color is affected by acidic and basic solutions.
acidic solution
Contains more hydrogen ions than hydroxide Ions.
acid ionization constant
The value of the equilibrium constant expression for the ionization of a weak acid.
amphoteric
Describes water and other substances that can act as both acids and bases.
Arrhenium model
a model of acids and bases; states that an acid is a substance that contains hydrogen and ionizes to produce hydrogen ions in aqueous solution and a base is a substance that contains a hydroxide group and dissociates to produce a hydroxide ion in aqueous
base ionization constant
The value of the equilibrium constant expression for the ionization of a base.
basic solution
Contains more hydroxide ions than hydrogen ions.
Bronsted-Lowry model
a model of acids and bases in which an acid is a Hydrogen- ion donor and a base is a hydrogen-ion acceptor.
buffer
A solution that resists changes in pH when limited amounts of acid or base are added
buffer capacity
The amount of acid or base a buffer solution can absorb without a significant change in pH.
Conjugate acid
The species produced when a base accepts a hydrogen ion from an acid.
conjugate acid-base pair
Consists of two substances related to each other by the donating and accepting of a single hydrogen ion.
conjugate base
The species produced when an acid donates a hydrogen ion to a base
end point
The point at which the indicator that is used in a titration changes color.
equivalence point
The point at which the moles of H ion from the acid equals moles of OH ion from the base
ion product constant for water
The value of the equilibrium constant expression for the self-ionization of water.
Lewis model
An acid is an elctron- pair acceptor and a base is an electron pair donor
neutralization reaction
A reaction in which an acid and a base react in aqueous solution to produce a salt and water
pH
The negative logarith of the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution; acidic solutions have pH values between 0 and 7 basic solutions have values between 7 andn 14 and a solution wuth a pH of 7 is neutral
pOH
the negative logarithm of the hydroxide in concentration of a solution
salt
An ionic compund made up of a cation from a base and an anion from an acid.
salt hydrolysis
the process in which anions of the dissociated salt accept hydrogen ions from water of the cations of the dissociated salt donate hydrogen ions to water.
strong acid
an acid that ionizes completely in aqueous solution.
strong base
A base that dissociates entirely into metal ions and hydroxide ions in aqueous solution.
titrant
A solution of known concentration used to titrate a solution of unknown concentration; also called the standard solution.
titration
The process in which an acid-base neutrlization reaction is used to determine the concentration of a solution of unknown concentration.
weak acid
An acid that ionizes only partially in dilute aqueous solution.
weak base
An base that ionizes only partially in dilute aqueous solution to form the conjugate acid of the base and hydroxide ion.