Chapter 4 Vocab

Reactivity

something that comes from a competition between temperature and attractive intermolecular forces

Physical Change

this happens when the molecules of the substance don't change

Intermolecular Forces

this exists between tow molecules

Chemical Change

this happens when the molecules of a substance chang

Interatomic Change

this exists between atoms and are much stronger than intermolecular

irreversible

this is a type of change that rearranges atoms to form different substances

Nucleus

this contains 99.8% of its mass

Electron

this has negative charge and is responsible for chemical bonds

Proton

this has a positive charge

Covalent Bond

this happens when a chemical bond between two atoms is formed by sharing a pair of electrons

Electric Charge

this is a fundamental property of matter. It can be positive or negative.

Ionic Bond

This happens when one or more electrons are transferred from atom to another

Molecule

a neutral group of atoms that are covalently bound

Chemical Bond

the connection between two atoms

Enthalpy of Formation

this is the change in energy when one mole of a compound is assembled from pure elements

Chemical Reaction

the process of chemical change is represented

Reactants

this is the initial compound involved in a chemical reaction

Products

these are the compounds that are generated by a chemical reaction

Conservation of Mass

all chemical reactions must satisfy this property

Coefficient

this is the number that tells us how many of each mole participate in a chemical reaction

Exothermic

this is a chemical reaction that releases energy

Endothermic

this is a chemical reaction that absorbs energy

Enthalpy

this is the energy potential of a chemical reaction

Activation Energy

this is energy that is required to start a chain reaction

Balanced Equation

this is a chemical equation that conserves mass

System

this is a group of matter that we choose to investigate

Surroundings

This is everything that is around a system

Precipitate

This is the insoluble compound that takes result from a chemical reaction that takes place in an aqueous solution

Salt

this is an ionic compound that forms ions when dissolved in water

Oxidation

This happens when atoms gain electrons

Acid

this happens when a compound dissolves in water forming an increased amount of Hydrogen ions

Base

this is a compound that dissolves in water to make a solution with a large number of hydroxide ions

Reduction

this happens when an atoms loses electrons

Ph Scale

this is a way to measure the hydrogen ion concentration. It tells us whether a solution is an acid or base

Aqueous Solution

this is a solution whit water as the solvent