Modern Chemistry Chapter 13 Terms

Soluble

capable of being dissolved

Solution

a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances in a single phase

Solvent

the dissolving medium in a solution

Suspension

when the particles in a solvent are so large that they settle out unless the mixture is constantly stirred or agitated

Colloids

particles that are intermediate in size between those in solutions and suspensions

Electrolyte

a substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that conducts, an electric current

Non-Electrolyte

a substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that does not conduct, an electric current

Solution Equilibrium

the physical state in which the opposing processes of dissolution and crystallization of a solute occur at equal rates

Saturated Solution

a solution that contains the maximum amount of dissolved solute

Unsaturated Solution

a solution that contains less solute than a saturated solution under the exiting conditions

Supersaturated Solution

a solution that contains more dissolved solute than a saturated solution contains under the same conditions

Solubility

the amount of that substance required to form a saturated solution with a specific amount of solvent at a specified temperature

Hydration

the solution process with water as the solvent

Immiscible

liquid solutes and solvents that are not soluble in each other

Miscible

liquids that dissolve freely in one another in a proportion

Henry's Law

the solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas on the surface of the liquid

Effervescence

the rapid escape of a gas from a liquid in which it is dissolved

Solvated

a solute particle that is surrounded by molecules

Heat of Solution

the net amount of heat energy absorbed or released when a specific amount of solute dissolves in a solvent

Concentration

a measure of the amount of solute in a given amount of solvent or solution

Molarity

the number of moles of solute in one liter of solution

Molality

the concentration of a solution expressed in moles of solute per kilogram of solvent

Solute

the substance dissolved in a solution