Soluble
Capable of being dissolved
Solution
A homogenous mixture of 2 or more substances in a single phase
Solute
Substance dissolved in a solution
Solvent
The dissolving medium in a solution
Suspension
Particles in a solvent are so large (>1000 nm) that they settle out unless the mixture is constantly stirred or agitated
Colloids
Particles that are intermediate in size (1-1000 nm) between these in solutions and suspensions
Tyndall effect
Scattering of light by colloidal particles dispersed in a transparent medium
Electrolyte
Substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that conducts electric current
Nonelectrolyte
Substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that doesn't conduct electric current
Solution equilibrium
State in which the rate of dissolution equals rate of crystalization
Saturated solution
max amount of dissolved solute
Unsaturated solution
Less solute than a saturated solution
Supersaturated solution
Solution that contains more dissolved solute than a saturated solution contains under the same conditions
Solubility
The amount of that substance required to form a saturated solution with a specific amount of solvent at a specified temperature
Hydration
Solution process with water as the solvent
Immiscible
Liquids that aren't soluble in each other
Miscible
Liquids that dissolve freely in one another
Henry's Law
Solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas on the surface of the liquid
Effervescence
The rapid escape of a gas from a liquid in which it is dissolved
Solvated
A solute particle that is surround by solvent molecules
Enthalpy of Solution
The net amount of energy absorbed as heat by the solution when a specific amount of solute dissolves in a solvent
Concentration
A solution is a measure of the amount of solute in a given amount of solvent or solution
Molarity
The number of moles of solute in one liter of solution
Molality
Concentration of a solution expressed in moles of solute per kilogram of solvent
ionize in water
Molecules whose water solutions can carry electric currentionize in water
Using large pieces of the solid
Which of the following does not increase the rate at which a solid dissolves in water?
has a positive enthalpy of solution
When the energy released by the formation of solvent-solute attractions is greater than the energy absorbed by overcoming solute-solute and solvent-solvent attractions, the dissolving process
press to gas-liquid solubility
Henry's law relates
more frequent and more energetic
Raising the temperature of a solvent causes solvent-solvent collisions to become
not related to solubility
The rate at which a solid dissolves is
escape of a gas from a gas-liquid solution
Effervescence is the
unsaturated and concentrated
A solution that contains a large concentration of solute but can hold even more solute
decreases
As temperature increases, the solubility of gases in liquids generally
nonpolar
A substance that does not dissolve in a polar solvent is probably
ions
To carry an electric current, a solution must contain
particle size
Mixtures are classified according to their
Exothermic processes
Dissolution processes with negative enthalpies of solution are
Solvated
A solute molecule that is surrounded by solvent molecules
Increase
The solubility of CuCl2(s) would _________ with increasing solvent temperature
alloy
A(n) _________ is a solution whose solute and solvent are both solid metals