Soluble
a compounds ability or capability to dissolve in solution
Solution
a homogeneous mixture of two or more substance in a single phase
Solvent
the dissolving medium in a solution
Solute
the substance dissolved in a solution
Suspension
a mixture in which particles are so large that they cannot settle out unless the mixture is constantly stirred or agitated
Colloids
particle that are intermediate in size between those in solutions and suspensions
Electrolyte
a substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that conducts electric current
Nonelectrolyte
a substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that does not conduct an electric current
Solution equilibrium
the physical state in which the opposing process of dissolution and crystallization of a solute occur at equal rates
Saturated solution
a solution that contains the maximum amount of dissolved solute
Unsaturated solution
a solution that contains less solute that a saturated solution under the existing conditions
Supersaturated solution
a solution that contains more dissolved solute that a saturated solution contains under the same conditions
Solubility
the amount of a substance required to form a saturated solution with a specific amount of solvent at a specified temperature
Hydration
the strong affinity of water molecules for particles of dissolved or suspended substances that causes electrolytic dissociation
Immiscible
when liquids that are not soluble in each other
Miscible
when liquids that dissolve freely in one another in any proportion
Henry's law
the law that states that the solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas on the surface of the liquid
Effervescence
the rapid escape of a gas from a liquid in which it is dissolved
Solvated
when a solute particle that is surrounded by solvent molecules
Enthalpy of solution
the net amount of energy absorbed as heat by the solution when a specific amount of solute dissolves in a solvent
Concentration
a measure of the amount of solute in a given amount of solvent or solution
Molarity
the number of moles of solute in one liter of solution
Molality
the concentration of a solution expressed in moles of solute per kilogram of solvent