The branch of science that applies to substances that contain carbon is called
organic chemistry
All haircolor products are organic chemicals which means they
contain carbon and hydrogen
What is the study of substances that lack the element carbon but may contain hydrogen
Inorganic chemistry
A characteristic of all inorganic substances that they _
Lack carbon
The simplest form of a chemical matter that cannot be broken down without loss of identity is an
Element
There are _____ naturally occurring elements.
98
The basic unit of matter, with a nucellus at the center surrounded by negatively charged electrons that move around the nucleus in orbits is an
Atom
Chemically combining two or more atoms produces a:
molecule
The chemical combination of two or more atoms of different elements produces
compound
Sodium chloride is an example of
Compound molecule
What state of matter has a definite volume but takes the shape of a container
Liquid
What is an example of a chemic property
Ability to rust
Change in the form of a substance that doesn't cause reaction is an _
Physical
The oxidation of haircolor is an example of
chemical change
What type of chemical reaction results in the oxidizing agent being reduced and the reducing agent being oxidized
redox
Chemical reactions that are characterized by giving off heat are
exothermic
Rapid oxidation of a substance, accompanied by the production of heat and light
combustion
A chemical combination of matter in definite (fixed) proportion is a
Pure substance
Air contains many substances, including nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and water vapor, and is an example of a:
physical mixture
A stable physical mixture of two or more substances is a(n):
solution
A substance, usually liquid, that dissolves another substance to form a solution is a
solvent
Mutually soluble liquids that can be mixed together to form clear solutions are
miscible
Water and alcohol
are examples of miscible liquids
An unstable mixture of two or more immiscible substances is an
Emulsion
Substances that allow oil and water to mix, are
surfactants
What is an example of oil-in-water emulsion of two immiscible liquids
Cold cream
Substances used to neutralize acids or raise the pH of many hair products are
Alkanolamines
What is an example of an ammonia compound that is used to perform chemical services in a salon
ammonium hydroxide
A sweet, colorless, oily substance that is used as a moisturizer in skin and body creams is:
Glycerin
A common volatile organic compound used in hair spray is:
ethyl alcohol
An atom or molecule that carries an electrical charge
ion
What term refers to the separation of an atom or molecule into positive and negative ions ?
ionization
an ion with a positive electrical charge.
cation
A solution with a pH of 7 is
neutral