Why is Mendeleev credited with the first table of elements? What did he do that was different than other scientists?
Mendeleev organized the elements by increasing atomic mass in columns and rows according to their properties
Why did Mendeleev reverse the order of some elements?
Mendeleev reversed the order of some of the elements so that they would be in the correct column according to their properties
Why did Mendeleev leave empty spaces on his table?
He left empty spaces for elements that had not yet been discovered, but that he could predict based on patterns
How did Moseley reorganize Mendeleev's table of elements?
He reorganized the table according to atomic number instead of atomic mass
Why is the table called the Periodic Table?
Because it is organized into periods, or repeating patterns
What is a family?
A column or a group on the periodic table. All of the elements in a family have similar properties.
Where are the Alkali Metals?
Column IA
Where are the Alkaline Earth Metals?
Column IIA
Where are the Halogens?
Column VIIA
Where are the Noble Gases?
Column VIIIA
Which block are the transition metals in?
The d block
In which block of the Periodic Table is Zn in?
The d block
In which block of the Periodic Table is Ca?
The s block
In which block of the Periodic Table is Xe?
The p block
In which block of the Periodic Table is Eu?
The f block
As you move down a column, why does the size of an atom increase?
The outermost electrons are found in increasingly higher orbitals, so, because of shelding, the inner electrons absorb more of the attraction by the nucleus. Even though there is a stronger pull, the valence electrons are farther away.
As you move across a period, why does the size of an atom decrease?
The valence shell remains constant, but the protons are increasing. THe electrons are increasing, but they are going into the same shell, so the electrons are pulled in closer due to the increasing nuclear charge.
As you move down a column, why does the Ionization Energy decrease?
The radius is decreasing as you go left to right, so the electrons are in lower energy levels. This means that they are experiencing more pull from the nucleus so more energy is needed to lose an electron
As you move across a period, why does the Ionization Energy increase?
The radius is decreasing, so the electrons are in higher energy levals, farther from the nucleus. This means that less energy is needed for the atom to lose an electron
As you move down a column, what happens to the electronegativity?
It decreases because the atomic radius is increasing, so the valence electrons are found farther away. This causes them to experience less of a pull from the nucleus
As you move across a period, what happens to the electronegativity?
It increases because the atomic radius decreases, so the electrons are pulled closer and are experiencing a stronger pull from the nucleus
How many valence electrons do transition metals have? Why?
Two valence electrons because the valence electrons are always in the second shell
If you know how Mg reacts in warm water, explain how Na would react in water. Why?
Mg reacts in warm water because the warm water but not room temperature water because the warm water has more energy. The Mg needs to lose two electrons were as the Na only needs to lose one. Therefore, the Na is more reactive than Mg, so Na should react
Using Ionization Energy and atomic size, explain why metals are more likely to form cations. Explain why nonmetals are more likely to form anions.
The atomic size decreases as you go across a row from left to right. As metals are on the left and nonmetals are on the right, the metals have a smaller atomic size than the nonmetals. As the radius increases, the electrons are at higher energy levels tha