matter
anything with mass and volume
substance
form of matter with a uniform and unchanging composition
properties
substances have specific unchanging _______ that can be observed
physical properties
can be observed without changing a substance's chemical composition
color, hardness, density
examples of physical properties
chemical properties
cannot be observed without changing the composition of a substance
solid
definite shape and volume
gas
has both the shape and the volume of the container
liquid
does not have a definite shape and takes on the volume of the container
reactants
starting substance in a chemical reaction
law of conservation of mass
states that mass is neither created nor destroyed in any process
chemical equation
shows the relationship between the reactants and products in a chemical reaction
chemical change
chemical reaction that involves one or more substances changing into new substances
products
the new substances that are formed in a chemical reaction
heterogenous homogenous
two types of mixtures
distillation
seperates substances on the basis of the boiling points of the substances
crystillization
separates by formation of solid pure particles from a solution
chromatography
separates substances based on their movement through a special paper
filtration
separates solids from liquids by using a porous barrier
periods
horizontal rows in the periodic table
groups or families
vertical columns in the periodic table
element
substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by physical or chemical means
compound
chemical combination of two or more different elements