Melody
A consistent succession of single pitches.
Style
How the music is being performed
Genre
The medium in which the music is being performed. How many performers, What is being performed.
Range (melody)
Narrow, medium, wide.
Contour (melody)
ascending, descending, wave, arch.
Conjunct Movement (melody)
A smooth, connected melody that moves principally by small intervals
Disjunct Movement (melody)
A disjointed or disconnected melody with many leaps!
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Phrase (structure of melody)
A unit of meaning within a larger structure, like a musical sentence
Cadence (structure of melody)
A resting phase in a musical phrase. ex: Final cadence.
Rhythm
Length or duration of an individual note
Beat (rhythm)
Regular pulsation
Accent (rhythm)
Beats that are stronger and have MORE EMPHASIS!!!
Duple Meter
One strong beat, one weak beat
Triple Meter
One strong beat two weak beats
Quadruple Meter
One strong beats three weak
Syncopation
Deliberate disruption of pattern; accent shifted to a weak beat or off beat
Polyrhythm
Simultaneous use of different rhythmic patterns
Nonmetric
Music without a strong sense of beat or meter
Harmony
Musical space // vertical aspect of music (wtf does this mean)
Scale (harmony)
A collection of pitches arranged in a descending or ascending order
Triad (harmony)
Three note chord
Tonic or Keynote (organization of harmony)
First note of scale, is home scale.
Major tonality
Uplifting, joyful
Minor tonality
Darkkkkk
Diatonic harmony
whole steps, related to key
Chromatic harmony
Half steps, foreign to the key
Dissonance
Unstable
Consonance
Stable
Drone
Sustained harmony. Anything that plays on top is neither dis. or cons.
Monophony (musical texture)
Single line texture or melody without accompaniment
EX gregorian chant <333
Homophony (musical texture)
Texture with principal melody and accompanying harmony
Polyphonic
Two or more melodic textures combined
Nonimitative Polyphony
Simultaneous, different melodies
Imitative polyphony
Canon, ex row row row your boatss!!!
Repetition (musical form)
circle circle triangle triangle x2
Contrast (musical form)
A (circle circle) B (triangle triangle) A
Variation
Restating A differently
ex movie themes every single one. ever.
Improvisation
Unheard music above original
Theme
A melodic idea used as a building block in music
Thematic Development
...
Thematic Transformation
...
Sequence (theme)
When you take thematic material in its entirety and change the key of it
Motive (theme)
Smallest fragment of a theme that is still a melody
Call and Response // Responsorial
You don't need the definition for dissss
Ostinato
Repetition of a musical pattern
Allegro
FAST FAST (means happy)
Moderato
Moderateezz
Adagio
Sllooooooooowwwww
Accelerando
Music gettingfaster!!!!!
Ritardando
Music get t i ng s l o ww e r
Forte
LOUD
Mezzo Forte
medium LOUD
Mezzo piano
medium soft
Piano
soft
Crescendo
Louder, getting louder
Decrescendo
Softer, getting softer
Metronome
...
Interpretation
Play with feelingz!
Musical Timbre
Tone color, classify instruments based off of their timbre
Voice as a musical sound
Soprano, Mezzo soprano, Tener, Baritone, Alto, Bass
Aerophones
SACHS HORNBOSTEL SYSTEM
blow wind into the instrument
Chordophones
SACHS HORNBOSTEL SYSTEM
anything with strings yo
Idiophones
SACHS HORN.
Symbol, gong, or bell
Membraneophones
SACHS HORN.
Anything that has a skin drum
String Instruments
WESTERN FAMILIES
Bowed + plucked
violin, viola, violoncello, double bass
Woodwinds
WESTERN FAM
holes in body of instrument
flute (soprano) , clarinet, obo, bass (bassoon)
Brass Instruments
Metal mouthpieces
Trumpet, french horn, cornet, trombone, tuba
Percussion Instruments
WESTERN
Timpani and kettledrums, vibraphone, chimes,
Other instruments
Piano, electric piano, organ
Choir
Small group
Chorus
Large group
The Orchestra
Aka western symphony
Strings, woodwinds, brass, percussion
The Role of the Conductor
Leads large ensembles, Interpret the music, time and tempo
Middle Ages
Nearly 1k years
Early christian church and state
Most surviving music is sacred
Gregorian Chant
POPE GREG
latin, monophonic, nonmetric
syllabic: one note per syllable
melismatic: many notes per syllable
Chant
3k surviving melodies
Early notation= neumes
Scale patterns= modes
MUSIC THIS EARLY IS NOT MAJOR OR MINOR
Hildegard of Bingen
1150 founded covenant in germany
known for miracles
composed religious poetry w/ music
morality play
Not monophonic
The Notre Dame in Paris
Romanesque period
notated rhythm and pitch
notre dame school organum
Early Medieval Motet
New text for second melody in the organum
Polytextual
Motet means word thing in french