Music ch. 1-3

The ___________ in our brains is altered when we listen to music, thereby affecting our mental state, according to neuroscientists.

chemical composition

______ means type of music

Genre

An ______ is a large ensemble of acoustic instruments such as violins, trumpets, and flutes.

orchestra

The ______ is a short, distinctive musical figure than can stand by itself, and often unifies entire compositions.

motive

______ refers to the organization of time in music, and gives shape to the pitches of the melody.

Rhythm

_____ is the term for the even pulse that divides the passing of musical time into equal segments.

Beat

_____ means the speed at which beats progress.

Tempo

The ____ is the first and strongest beat in any given measure, more accented than other beats, and indicated by a downward movement of the conductor's hand.

downbeat

_____ is the term used for beats gathered into regular groups.

Meter

______ is the term that describes placing an accent on a weak beat or between the beats.

Syncopation

_______ is defined as a recognizable and memorable series of notes that form a cohesive musical line

melody

______ is the relative position, high or low, of a musical sound

Pitch

_______ is the term for the interval that comprises the 1st and the 8th tones of the major and minor scales. Their sounds are quite similar because the frequency of vibration of the higher pitch is exactly twice that of the lower.

Octave

_______ is defined at the distance between two pitches of music.

Interval

The ____ is a horizontal grid from which musicians read the symbols of musical notation.

staff

The ____ ______ is the symbol that indicates the range used for lower-sounding instruments and male voices, and the _____ ____ indicates higher-sounding instruments and female voices.

bass clef; treble clef

The ______ _____ includes both clefs, and is for two-handed keyboard music with a large range.

great (grand) staff

A _____ is the arrangement of pitches within the octave that ascends and descends according to a fixed pattern.

scale

_______ provides the "gravitational field" that embodies both the scale of the melody and the strong pull of its tonic pitch.

Tonality

____ is the element that adds depth and dimension to music as well as providing support and accompaniment to the melody.

Harmony

____ is the term for a unit of 3 or more pitches that sound the same.

chord

____ that are consonant consist of pitches that sound agreeable and stable.

chords

_______ ______ add tension and anxiety to the music.

Dissonant chords

_______ is the term referring to the level of volume at which sounds are produced.

Dynamics

____ is the musical term for loud.

forte

____ is the musical term for soft.

piano

the term _____ refers to the distinct tone quality of sound

color

_____ is synonymous with color.

timbre

Correct order of voices, highest to lowest,

soprano-mezzo soprano-alto-tenor-bass

____ is the musical element that refers to the density and disposition of musical lines within a composition.

texture

____ consists of a single melody w-out accompaniment.

Monophony

____ is the texture in which all the voices, or lines, move to new pitches at roughly the same time.

Homophony

____ is the musical texture involving 2 or more simultaneously sounding lines.

Polyphony

_____ provides a foil to familiar musical material, providing variety, novelty, excitement, and even musical conflict.

Contrast

______ _____ consists of one melody played for successive stanzas of text. AAAAA

strophic form

______ and _____ is the form that alters each successive repetition of the melody. A A1 A2 A3

theme and variations

______ ______ is indicated by the letters ABA, which refer to the three sections of a composition.

ternary form

_______ _____ is illustrated by the pattern ABACA and consists of a musical refrain that alternates with contrasting music.

rondo form

A _______ is a type of music for orchestra that is divided into several movements, each possessing its own tempo and mood.

symphony

_____ is the name for the central pitch around which melodies gravitate and on which they generally end.

Tonic

_______ ________ is the term for a purposeful movement of chords.

chord progression

Musicians traditionally use _____ ____ for musical dynamics because the terms were first used when Italian musicians dominated Western music.

Italian words